The Topsoe Perspective: From Electrode Nanostructures to MW Scaled SOEC Systems

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of Topsoe’s expertise, results, and initiatives in the field of solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) technology. Topsoe’s expertise span from studies of materials’ properties, electrode nanostructures via electron microscopy, electrochemical performance of cells and stacks via impedance spectroscopy, to the design of stacks and MW-sized systems, and towards commercialization of our Topsoe SOEC electrolyzer plants. A short up-date on the newly initiated activities on production facilities for up-scaling of SOEC cells and stack production is included. The paper will review key challenges for state-of-the-art SOEC cells and stacks with a focus on electrochemical performance and durability, and microstructural integrity required for a commercially viable SOEC technology. Topsoe has the expertise in a variety of relevant downstream process; however, the work presented here will focus on the steam electrolysis application of SOEC for generating green hydrogen e.g., for ammonia production.

High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis – Technology and Modeling

“…They can be arranged in a tubular or planar cell design of which the latter is more common for SOECs. Depending on which layer provides mechanical stability, SOCs can be differentiated between oxygen electrode supported cell (OESC) or fuel electrode supported cell (FESC) [10,11] (Fig. 4a), electrolyte supported cell (ESC) [12], metal supported cell (MSC) with a metal support on the fuel electrode side [13][14][15][16] (Fig.…”

“…These stacks present the next higher functional unit, with power ranges between 1 and ca. 40 kW [11]. Multiple stacks can be combined into larger systems.…”