The toxicity of two pyrethroids to <i>Encarsia formosa</i> and its host <i>Trialeurodes vaporariorum</i>; Prospecting for a resistant strain of the parasite

Delorme, Richard; Berthier, Andrée; Augé, Danielle

doi:10.1002/ps.2780160405

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Several studies have shown the possibility of integrating insecticides into integrated pest management (IPM) due to their selective properties (van Lenteren & Woets, 1988;Feldhege & Schmutterer, 1993). Such insecticides include abamectin (Zchori-Fein et al, 1994), bioresmethrin (Delorme et al, 1985), Margosan-O (Feldhege & Schmutterer, 1993), and some extracts of Nicotiana gossei (Bentz & Neal, 1995). These products are either synthetic analogues of a plant-derived compound (bioresmethrin) or derived from natural sources (abamectin, Margosan-O, and the extract of Nicotiana gossei).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of selected botanical insecticides on the behaviour and mortality of the glasshouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the parasitoid Encarsia formosa

Simmonds¹,

Manlove²,

Blaney³

et al. 2002

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Toxicity and behavioural bioassays were used to assess the lethal and sub‐lethal effects of two naphthoquinones from the Chilean plant Calceolaria andina L. (Scrophulariaceae), two products derived from Azadirachta indica and pyrethrum on the glasshouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, and the parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan. The potential use of these botanicals in an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programme is discussed. Pyrethrum was the most toxic botanical tested, but it was toxic to both the whitefly and parasitoid. The naphthoquinones showed potential for inclusion into an IPM programme if, by formulation, the toxicity towards the whitefly could be increased and the deterrent activity towards E. formosa adults decreased. Overall, the A. indica‐derived products had the most potential for use in an IPM system for the control of whitefly, which includes E. formosa as a biocontrol agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of selected botanical insecticides on the behaviour and mortality of the glasshouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the parasitoid Encarsia formosa

Simmonds¹,

Manlove²,

Blaney³

et al. 2002

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…iological control of the greenhouse whitefly (GHWF) by the parasitic wasp Encarsia formosa (EF) has been implemented in the greenhouse vegetable industry throughout the world for many years (Delorme et al, 1985;Van Roermund and Van Lenteren, 1990). The GHWF is also a pest of many greenhouse floriculture crops (McHugh,199 1 a).…”

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Comparison of Biological and Chemical Control of Greenhouse Whitefly on Poinsettia Stock Plants

McMahon¹,

Lindquist²,

Casey³

et al. 1992

horttech

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A demonstration study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of biological and chemical control treatments on the greenhouse whitefly (GHWF) (Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Westwood) using poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Wild.) stock plants. Two identical greenhouse compartments, each containing 84 stock plants, were used. In the biological control compartment, three biweekly releases of Encarsia formosa (EF) were made, while in the chemical control compartment eight weekly applications of resmethrin or acephate aerosol treatments were made. Results showed that overall greenhouse whitefly populations in the chemical control compartment were slightly lower than in the biological control compartment. Cuttings taken from stock plants in the biological control compartment at the end of the experiment were commercially acceptable with regard to the presence of GHWF adults. Chemical names used: O,S-dimethyl acetylphosphoramidothioate (acephate), [5-(phenylmethyl)-3-furanyl] methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)cyclopropane-carboxylate (resmethrin).

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Pyrethroids

Pap¹

2002

Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals

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The insecticidal synthetic pyrethroids are chemical analogs of the natural pyrethrins occurring in the flower of the Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium plant. They represent an extensively developed insecticide group with 40 established compounds. Of the 40 commercialized active ingredients, 37 are esters. The application rate of the most potent agricultural pyrethroids is very low, ranging between 5 and 20 g/ha, representing an acceptable environmental load. Pyrethroids are also regarded as safe compounds to warm‐blooded animals and generally to the environment; however, they have some adverse effects on mites, beneficial insects, and aquatic organisms. Pyrethroids are contact nerve poisons acting on gating kinetics of sodium channel in nerve membrane. This action is highly stereoselective. Due to this specific action and their extensive use, the risk of resistance development is relatively high in the targeted insect pest populations. Consequently, resistance management strategies are urgently needed to sustain their appropriate field performance. The registered tendencies of pyrethroid usage and the recent trends in R&D both suggest that this particular group of compounds has been playing an integrated part in present pest management as it is described in our comprehensive survey. Natural Pyrethrin PyrethrinI as the Lead Structure of the Synthetic Pyrethroids Stereochemistry How to Define Pyrethroids Nomenclature Physicochemical Properties Agricultural Use Chemistry Biological Activity, Mode of Action, Metabolism

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The toxicity of two pyrethroids to Encarsia formosa and its host Trialeurodes vaporariorum; Prospecting for a resistant strain of the parasite

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of selected botanical insecticides on the behaviour and mortality of the glasshouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the parasitoid Encarsia formosa

Effects of selected botanical insecticides on the behaviour and mortality of the glasshouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the parasitoid Encarsia formosa

Comparison of Biological and Chemical Control of Greenhouse Whitefly on Poinsettia Stock Plants

Pyrethroids

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