The Toxicological Effects in Brain of Mice Following Exposure to Cerium Chloride

Zhao, Haiquan; Cheng, Zhe; Cheng, Jie; Hu, Renping; Che, Yi; Cui, Yaling; Hong, Fashui

doi:10.1007/s12011-011-9045-6

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To investigate whether Ce exposure causes neurotoxicological effects, ICR mice were exposed to CeCl 3 through intragastric administration at 0, 2, 10, and 20 mg/kg for 60 days. The results indicated that CeCl 3 exposure could impair the learning ability, which is attributed to the disturbance of the homeostasis of trace elements, enzymes, and neurotransmitter systems in the mouse brain [58]. The study investigated the signal pathway of hippocampal apoptosis induced by intragastric administration of CeCl 3 for 60 days.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health Impacts to Workers: A Literature Review

Rim

Koo

Park

2013

Safety and Health at Work

392

165

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In concert with the development of new materials in the last decade, the need for toxicological studies of these materials has been increasing. These new materials include a group of rare earths (RE). The use of RE nanotechnology is being considered in some green applications, to increase their efficiency by using nano-sized RE compounds, and therefore hazard evaluation and risk assessment are highly recommended. This review was conducted through an extensive contemplation of the literatures in toxicology with in vitro and in vivo studies. Major aspects reviewed were the toxicological evaluations of these elements and metallic compounds at the molecular and cellular level, animal and human epidemiological studies and environmental and occupational health impacts on workers. We also discuss the future prospect of industries with appliances using RE together with the significance of preventive efforts for workers' health. To establish a safe and healthy working environment for RE industries, the use of biomarkers is increasing to provide sustainable measure, due to demand for information about the health risks from unfavorable exposures. Given the recent toxicological results on the exposure of cells, animals and workers to RE compounds, it is important to review the toxicological studies to improve the current understanding of the RE compounds in the field of occupational health. This will help to establish a sustainable, safe and healthy working environment for RE industries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health Impacts to Workers: A Literature Review

Rim

Koo

Park

2013

Safety and Health at Work

392

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have suggested that the reduction in learning and memory in rats or mice caused by La 3+ and Ce 3+ were related to significant increases in acetylcholine (Ach), glutamic acid (Glu), and nitric oxide (NO), and marked decreases in neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxy tryptophan and its metabolite 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid, as well as dopamine and its metabolite 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid [18], [22]. In addition, Ce 3+ exposure resulted in a significant reduction in Ca 2+ concentration in mouse brain [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Ce 3+ exposure resulted in a significant reduction in Ca 2+ concentration in mouse brain [18]. Ln 3+ -induced neurotransmitter and Ca 2+ changes were thought to be related to alterations in gene expressions in the brain [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study showed that exposure to Ce 3+ damaged the spleen [12], [13], lung [14]), and liver [15]–[17] of mice. In addition, La 3+ , Ce 3+ and Nd 3+ were demonstrated to result in brain injuries in mice [18]–[20]. In the early 1990s, it was reported that the mean memory and intelligence quotient (IQ) value in children aged 6 to 9 years in rare-earth polluted areas were significantly lower than those in non-polluted areas [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene-Expression Changes in Cerium Chloride-Induced Injury of Mouse Hippocampus

Cheng

Zhao

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Cerium is widely used in many aspects of modern society, including agriculture, industry and medicine. It has been demonstrated to enter the ecological environment, is then transferred to humans through food chains, and causes toxic actions in several organs including the brain of animals. However, the neurotoxic molecular mechanisms are not clearly understood. In this study, mice were exposed to 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg BW cerium chloride (CeCl3) for 90 consecutive days, and their learning and memory ability as well as hippocampal gene expression profile were investigated. Our findings suggested that exposure to CeCl3 led to hippocampal lesions, apoptosis, oxidative stress and impairment of spatial recognition memory. Furthermore, microarray data showed marked alterations in the expression of 154 genes involved in learning and memory, immunity and inflammation, signal transduction, apoptosis and response to stress in the 2 mg/kg CeCl3 exposed hippocampi. Specifically, the significant up-regulation of Axud1, Cdc37, and Ube2v1 caused severe apoptosis, and great suppression of Adcy8, Fos, and Slc5a7 expression led to impairment of mouse cognitive ability. Therefore, Axud1, Cdc37, Ube2v1, Adcy8, Fos, and Slc5a7 may be potential biomarkers of hippocampal toxicity caused by CeCl3 exposure.

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“…Acute exposure to high-dose of toxic metals has been indicated to be capable of inhibiting NO x levels in vivo and in vitro [22, 49, 50]. Recently, accumulated evidence has reported that the chronic exposure to toxic insults induces significant alteration of Na + /K + -ATPase activities in brain accompanied with the whole blood and/or brain NO x changes [12, 51, 52] and increased or decreased the whole blood NO x levels, which closely correlates with the exposure to low dose of mercurial compounds-induced neurotoxicity, has been revealed [13, 21, 34]. Here, our results demonstrated that Na + /K + -ATPase activities in the cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex, and brainstem of offspring were significantly increased after the administration of a low dose of cinnabar for 7 consecutive weeks (the F1-C-Cin group), which were related to the increase of NO x levels in the whole blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Low Dose of Cinnabar (a Naturally Occurring Mercuric Sulfide (HgS)) Caused Neurotoxicological Effects in Offspring Mice

Huang

Hsu

Liu

et al. 2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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Cinnabar, a naturally occurring mercuric sulfide (HgS), has long been used in Chinese mineral medicine for more than 2000 years. Although mercury is well-known for its toxicity, whether cinnabar induces neurotoxicity, especially in infants and children, is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the neurotoxic effects of low-dose of cinnabar (10 mg/kg/day) on developing mice. The results revealed neurobehavioral defects in F1-C-Cin group, which were associated with Hg accumulation, increased NOx levels in whole blood, and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in brain tissues. F1- and F2-Cin-V groups were found to increase brain Hg contents and prominent neurobehavioral defects compared with F1-C-V group, suggesting that the fetal brain was more susceptible to irreversible effects for cinnabar-induced damage. Moreover, F1- and F2-Cin-Cin groups had severely neurobehavioral dysfunctions, closely correlated with the further alteration of NOx levels and Na+/K+-ATPase activities than F1- and F2-C-Cin groups. Effects in F2-Cin-Cin group were more significant than those in F1-Cin-Cin group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that exposure to low-dose of cinnabar during the perinatal and developmental stages results in irreversible and severe injuries of the neurotoxicity in offspring, and NOx and Na+/K+-ATPase activities may exist potential and useful biomarkers for neurotoxicity-induced by low-doses of mercuric compounds.

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The Toxicological Effects in Brain of Mice Following Exposure to Cerium Chloride

Cited by 28 publications

References 43 publications

Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health Impacts to Workers: A Literature Review

Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health Impacts to Workers: A Literature Review

Gene-Expression Changes in Cerium Chloride-Induced Injury of Mouse Hippocampus

Exposure to Low Dose of Cinnabar (a Naturally Occurring Mercuric Sulfide (HgS)) Caused Neurotoxicological Effects in Offspring Mice

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