The trade‐off between tooth strength and tooth penetration: predicting optimal shape of canine teeth

Freeman, Patricia W.; Lemen, Cliff A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2007.00325.x

Cited by 75 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Freeman, 1992;Popwics and Fortelius, 1997;Evans and Sanson, 2003;Evans and Sanson, 2006) [see Anderson and LaBarbera (Anderson and LaBarbera, 2008) for a larger review]. Some experimental work has also been done on mammalian forms (Evans and Sanson, 1998;Freeman and Lemen, 2007) as well as studies of cutting ability in sharks (Frazzetta, 1988) and tooth serrations in dinosaurs and lizards (Abler, 1992). A good deal of work has been done on human dentition (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of trapping and blade angle of notched dentitions on fracture of biological tissues

Anderson

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe material properties of food can exert a significant influence on tooth morphology. Although the stiffness or toughness of a material is usually of prime concern, other aspects of material properties (such as extensibility) can be of equal importance. Previous experimental work on the effect blade shape has on fracturing biological materials indicated a notched blade greatly reduced the work required to cut tough tissue. As a notched blade both traps materials and cuts at an angle, it is not clear which of these features leads to increased cutting efficiency. This paper tests whether the ability to cut at an angle or trap the material has the greater effect on the work to fracture required to cut tough tissues with different levels of extensibility (asparagus and fish muscle). Results show that the work to fracture required to cut more extensible materials is reduced by up to 50% when a trapping mechanism alone is used in comparison with an angled blade alone. For less extensible materials, the trapping ability of a notch seems to have no effect, whereas the angled blade reduces work to fracture by up to 25% relative to a straight blade. The aspects of blade shape most important to the breaking down of foods depend upon the relative stiffness or toughness, as well as other material properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of trapping and blade angle of notched dentitions on fracture of biological tissues

Anderson

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Work on piercing teeth has focused on the length and bladed aspects of puncturing tooth morphology, approaching tooth failure as a functional tradeoff with puncturing ability (Freeman and Lemen, 2007;Van Valkenburg and Ruff, 1987). At the same time, other work has looked at more detailed aspects of morphology, such as tooth composition, and found that the smoothed tips of conical puncturing teeth reduce the likelihood of chipped teeth, which allows for thinner enamel (Lawn et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element modeling of occlusal variation in durophagous tooth systems

Crofts

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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In addition to breaking hard prey items, the teeth of durophagous predators must also resist failure under high loads. To understand the effects of morphology on tooth resistance to failure, finite element models were used to examine differences in total strain energy (J), first principal strain and the distribution of strains in a diversity of canonical durophagous tooth morphologies. By changing the way loads were applied to the models, I was also able to model the effects of large and small prey items. Tooth models with overall convex morphologies have higher in-model strains than those with a flat or concave occlusal surface. When a cusp is added to the tooth model, taller or thinner cusps increase in-model strain. While there is little difference in the relationships between tooth morphology and strain measurements for most models, there is a marked difference between effects of the large and small prey loads on the concave and flat tooth morphologies. Comparing these data with measurements of force required by these same morphologies to break prey items illustrates functional trade-offs between the need to prevent tooth failure under high loads by minimizing in-tooth strain versus the drive to reduce the total applied force.

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“…En contraposición los gatos de tallas menores, al tener menor punto de contacto entre diente y hueso, la fuerza canina por unidad de área aumenta. Esto posibilita un óptimo esfuerzo de corte para penetrar piel y huesos, con menor requerimiento de fuerza cigomático-mandibular (Frazzetta 1988, Freeman & Lemen 2007, MeachenSamuels & Van Valkenburgh 2009. También en el jaguar, el esfuerzo compresivo en sus caninos (producto de la musculatura aductora), causa en estos dientes flexión axial o pandeo; que precede a la fractura por compresión simple.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Fuerza de mordedura y estrés mandibular en el jaguar (Panthera onca) durante la depredación de pecaríes (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) mediante la fractura de sus cráneos

Sachetti¹,

Camacaro

Vázquez

et al. 2011

AZM

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Cárdenas. 2011. Fuerza de mordedura y estrés mandibular en el jaguar (Panthera onca) durante la depredación de pecaríes (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) mediante la fractura de sus cráneos. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n. s.), 27(3): 757-776. RESUMEN. Una de las formas de depredación más efectivas del jaguar (Panthera onca) consiste en la aplicación de su fuerza de mordedura en el neurocráneo de los pecaríes, una de sus principales presas naturales, provocándole un estrés altamente compresivo que deviene en la posterior fractura del cráneo con una muerte rápida. En el presente estudio se analizaron mediante el método del cráneo seco, 15 cráneos completos y medidas craneométricas reportadas en la literatura, para jaguares adultos pertenecientes a diferentes subespecies o fenotipos del rango distributivo de P. onca. Afín de obtener sus fuerzas de mordedura canina y carnasial, esfuerzos de corte y momentos flexores máximos a lo largo del vano mandibular. La obtención de estas variables, en una estructura hiperestática se efectúo mediante el Método de Aproximaciones Sucesivas de Cross. Después se correlacionaron las fuerzas de mordedura máximas del jaguar y su acción en la sección transversal del neurocráneo de Pecari tajacu, Tayassu pecari y Catagonus wagneri mediante el método de Cremona, para obtener las tensiones internas que someten al cráneo de los pecaríes previa fractura. Se encontró que la fuerza máxima de mordedura canina del jaguar es de 681,56 Newton siendo 3 veces más compresiva en los carnasiales. Estas son lo suficientemente altas, como para provocar la rotura de una estructura rígida, como la sección triangular del neurocráneo en los pecaríes. Además los caninos robustos del jaguar resisten las fuerzas de pandeo aplicadas sobre los mismos durante la lucha con la presa, y una boca más amplia ayuda a una mejor adherencia y distribución uniforme de las fuerzas de mordedura, durante la mordida mortal.

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The trade‐off between tooth strength and tooth penetration: predicting optimal shape of canine teeth

Abstract: The trade-off between tooth strength and tooth penetration: Predicting optimal shape of canine teeth" (2007). Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum. 33.

Cited by 75 publications

References 6 publications

The effects of trapping and blade angle of notched dentitions on fracture of biological tissues

The effects of trapping and blade angle of notched dentitions on fracture of biological tissues

Finite element modeling of occlusal variation in durophagous tooth systems

Fuerza de mordedura y estrés mandibular en el jaguar (Panthera onca) durante la depredación de pecaríes (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) mediante la fractura de sus cráneos

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