The traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Plantago major L. A review

Abstract

Plantago major L. leaves have been used as a wound healing remedy for centuries in almost all parts of the world and in the treatment of a number of diseases apart from wound healing. These include diseases related to the skin, respiratory organs, digestive organs, reproduction, the circulation, against cancer, for pain relief and against infections. P. major contains biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides, lipids, caffeic acid derivatives, flavonoids, iridoid glycosides and terpenoids. Alkaloids and some organic acids have also been detected. A range of biological activities has been found from plant extracts including wound healing activity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, weak antibiotic, immuno modulating and antiulcerogenic activity. Some of these effects may attribute to the use of this plant in folk medicine.

Determinação da atividade antioxidante e do teor total de polifenol em amostras de chá de ervas comercializadas em sachets

“…Além disso, o processo para embalagem da ervas nos envelopes, incluindo a possível inclusão de excipientes nas formulações dos sachets, pode levar a uma alteração significativa da atividade antioxidante 31,36,37 .…”

Medicinal Plants from Jordan in the Treatment of Diabetes: Traditional Uses vs.In VitroandIn VivoEvaluations – Part 2

“…Ursolic acid [181]. Polysaccharides, lipids, caffeic acid derivatives, iridoid glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids [182]. Phenolic glycoside [183].…”

Untargeted metabolic profiling reveals geography as the strongest predictor of metabolic phenotypes of a cosmopolitan weed

“…Plantago major was selected for this study because of its widespread distribution, its ability to grow in a wider range of natural and semi‐natural conditions compared to its congener, P. lanceolata , and the presence of previous studies using Danish and Dutch populations which provides background information (Haeck, van der Aart, Dorenbosch, Van der Maarel, & Van Tongeren, 1982; Mølgaard, 1986; Kuiper & Bos, 1992). In addition to its ability to adapt to a wide range of habitat types and environmental conditions, P. major exhibits high phenotypic plasticity and can vary extensively in morphology based on growth conditions, even within populations (Mølgaard, 1986; Samuelsen, 2000; Warwick & Briggs, 1980). Two subspecies are recognized in Denmark, P. major subsp.…”

“…Due to these species’ widespread and nearly global distributions in nature, their medicinal value (Samuelsen, 2000), and because both can be easily grown under controlled conditions, P. lanceolata and P. major L. serve as excellent model organisms to explore biochemical responses and improve understanding of local adaptation (Fuchs & Bowers, 2004; Pankoke, Buschmann, & Mueller, 2013; Sutter & Muller, 2011). …”