The trans-activating C-type retroviruses share a distinct epitope(s) that induces antibodies in certain infected hosts

Zandomeni, Rubén; Carrera-Zandomeni, M.; Esteban, Emilio; Ferrer, Jorge F.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-72-9-2113

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This is consistent with the fact that the original tantalus monkey infected with STLV-1 Tan 90 was positive in both the ELISA and WB assays used herein [9,10]. Also, it has been well established that many conserved seroreactive epitopes exist among the PTLV and even bovine leukemia virus p24 Gag antigens [3,10-12,15,16]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Delayed seroconversion to STLV-1 infection is associated with mutations in the pol and rex genes

Dube

Saksena

Spicer

et al. 2013

Virol J

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BackgroundSimian T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus-1 (STLV-1) infection of non-human primates can serve as a model for human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus infection.MethodsTwo tantalus and 2 patas monkeys were transfused with intraspecies whole blood infected with STLV-1. Infection was determined by ELISA, western blot and DNA PCR analyses. The entire genome of the STLV-1 Tan 90 strain and some of the STVL-1 Pat74 strain were amplified using over-lapping primer-pairs and subsequently sequenced.ResultsFollowup studies conducted over 2 years indicated that all 4 monkeys remained healthy despite being infected with STLV-1, as determined by PCR, cloning and sequencing analyses. ELISA and Western blot analyses indicated that both patas monkeys seroconverted within 2 months of transfusion, while one tantalus monkey required one year to seroconvert and the other never fully seroconverted. The tantalus monkey which never fully seroconverted, failed to react to HTLV-1 p24 Gag antigen. Sequence analyses indicated that, while unique, the deduced p24 Gag amino acid sequence of the STLV-1 Tan 90 strain used for infection was still highly homologous to the HTLV-1 p24 Gag amino acids present in the ELISA and WB assays. However, a mutation in the pol sequence of STLV-1 Tan 90 encoded a putative stop codon, while a common deletion in the pol/rex regulatory gene causes significant changes in the Pol, and p27 Rex proteins. These same mutations were also observed in the viral DNA of both recipient infected tantalus monkeys and were not present in the STLV-1 Pat 74 strain.ConclusionOur data suggest that seroconversion to STLV-1 infection may be prolonged due to the above mutations, and that compensatory molecular events must have occurred to allow for virus transmission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Delayed seroconversion to STLV-1 infection is associated with mutations in the pol and rex genes

Dube

Saksena

Spicer

et al. 2013

Virol J

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“…One of the T-cell epitopes overlaps with a domain highly conserved among retroviruses, the major homology region (MHR), which is required for viral infectivity in vivo [112]. Based on the use of a monoclonal antibody directed against BLV p24, a common epitope was found to be shared with HTLV CA [113,114]. Interestingly, this cross-reactivity between the capsid antigens of BLV and HTLV-1 suggests an evolutionary relationship between the two viruses.…”

Section: The Blv Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of leukemogenesis induced by bovine leukemia virus: prospects for novel anti-retroviral therapies in human

et al. 2007

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In 1871, the observation of yellowish nodules in the enlarged spleen of a cow was considered to be the first reported case of bovine leukemia. The etiological agent of this lymphoproliferative disease, bovine leukemia virus (BLV), belongs to the deltaretrovirus genus which also includes the related human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). This review summarizes current knowledge of this viral system, which is important as a model for leukemogenesis. Recently, the BLV model has also cast light onto novel prospects for therapies of HTLV induced diseases, for which no satisfactory treatment exists so far.

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“…35 Other studies have shown that sera from humans infected with HTLV-1 and 2 cross-react with BLVp24, due to an epitope shared by the related viruses. [36][37][38] Further evidence for the possible transmission of BLV from cattle to humans was the detection of BLV sequences by PCR in 44% of breast tissues, and the most striking finding was BLVp24 expression detected by immunohistochemistry on the secretory epithelium of the mammary gland. 39 A subsequent case-control study showed BLV sequences in samples from breast cancer patients being at a level twice that in normal breast tissue sections, concluding that the presence of BLV in breast tissues was associated with breast cancer.…”

Section: Juliarena Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine leukemia virus: current perspectives

Juliarena¹,

Barrios²,

Lützelschwab³

et al. 2017

VAAT

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Enzootic bovine leukosis, caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV), is the most common neoplasm of dairy cattle. Although beef and dairy cattle are susceptible to BLV infection and BLV-associated lymphosarcoma, the disease is more commonly detected in dairy herds, mostly because of the management practices in dairy farms. The pathogenicity of BLV in its natural host, the bovine, depends mainly on the resistance/susceptibility genetics of the animal. The majority of infected cattle are asymptomatic, promoting the extremely high dissemination rate of BLV in many bovine populations. The important productive losses caused by the BLV, added to the health risk of maintaining populations with a high prevalence of infection with a retrovirus, generates the need to implement control measures. Different strategies to control the virus have been attempted. The most effective approach is to identify and cull the totality of infected cattle in the herd. However, this approach is not suitable for herds with high prevalence of infection. At present, no treatment or vaccine has proven effective for the control of BLV. Thus far, the genetic selection of resistant animals emerges as a natural strategy for the containment of the BLV dissemination. In natural conditions, most of the infected, resistant cattle can control the infection, and therefore do not pass the virus to other animals, gradually decreasing the prevalence of the herd.

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The trans-activating C-type retroviruses share a distinct epitope(s) that induces antibodies in certain infected hosts

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Delayed seroconversion to STLV-1 infection is associated with mutations in the pol and rex genes

Delayed seroconversion to STLV-1 infection is associated with mutations in the pol and rex genes

Mechanisms of leukemogenesis induced by bovine leukemia virus: prospects for novel anti-retroviral therapies in human

Bovine leukemia virus: current perspectives

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