The transfer of 137Cs from soil to plants

Marouf, B.A.; Mohamad, A.S.; Taha, J.S.; Tawfic, N.F.; Mahmood, J.A.

doi:10.1016/0160-4120(92)90008-r

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Transfer factors in the 0-5+ section for figs were similar to the values reported after the Chernobyl accident (Marouf et al 1992). However, the values were larger than those for the two varieties of grapes.…”

Section: Absorption From Soilsupporting

confidence: 67%

Translocation of Radiocesium in Fruit Trees

Takata

2016

Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

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We report our findings on the translocation and distribution of radiocesium inside fruit trees after radiocesium (Cs) was released by the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.We examined the differences in the rooting depth of grapes and figs and the translocation of radiocesium from the soil to the plants. Much of the radiocesium fallout from the nuclear accident remained on the surface soil layer; however, in environments such as orchards, radiocesium translocates more easily to aboveground parts of trees with shallower roots than of those with deeper roots. It was observed that if the old branches were the source of radiocesium, translocation occurred to both the new aboveground organs, such as leaves and fruits, and the underground parts, including pioneer roots. It was clarified that translocation from old organs contributed a much higher proportion of accumulated radiocesium to fruits than that from the soil. We reported that immediately after the accident, radiocesium that accumulated on the bark quickly infiltrated inside the trees. However, several months after the accident, it is possible that a decreased proportion translocated from the outer bark to the internal parts of trees, such as the wood. The translocation of radiocesium and potassium (K) into fruits and leaves may show some differences. Explaining the behavior of radiocesium translocation in perennial crops using K as an index is even more difficult than that in annual crops. To predict the radiocesium concentrations in the harvested fruits, the concentrations in the thinned fruits and the harvested fruits were compared. The results showed that there is a strong correlation between the two. However, since some trees were outliers, predictions must be made carefully.

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Section: Absorption From Soilsupporting

confidence: 67%

Translocation of Radiocesium in Fruit Trees

Takata

2016

Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

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“…The fine particulate nature of some of these contaminants is likely to have led to their direct uptake by microparticle‐ingesting organisms. Alternatively, exposure to radioactivity may result from transfer through plant tissues used as food (see Marouf et al ., 1992). Many freshwater invertebrates feed in this manner and larval Chironomidae (Diptera) are perhaps the most ubiquitous (Williams & Feltmate, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological deformities occurring in Belarusian chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) subsequent to the Chernobyl nuclear disaster

et al. 2001

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1. Chironomid larvae and adults were collected from several freshwater habitats around the Chernobyl site from 1990 to 1994 (4–8 years after a nuclear accident) and examined for morphological deformities. 2. Deformities were found in larvae of nine of the 13 species collected, and were most obvious in headcapsule structures, particularly the antennae, mentum, mandibles and epipharyngeal pectens. 3. In species of Chironomus, the most abundant genus, there was a positive linear relationship between the incidence of deformity and radiation level. Indices of severity of deformity showed similar trends. It is suggested that these deformities resulted largely from ingestion of irradiated, plant‐derived, fine particulate food. 4. Among adult male Ch. riparius, the deformity index decreased both with increasing time from the accident and with increasing distance from the reactor, although these trends were not statistically significant. There was also a trend of increased severity of deformity closer to the accident, both in time and space. 5. Overall, there was a greater incidence of deformity in the larvae than in the adults (e.g. 60 versus 20%, respectively, at the Krasnoselye site and 33 versus 20%, respectively, at the more distant Dron’ki site). 6. It was not possible to determine whether the deformities were inherited from previous generations or were somatic occurrences in each new generation as a consequence of the radiation that continues to pervade the region.

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