The Transformation of Energy by Daphnia pulex

Richman, Sumner

doi:10.2307/1942243

Cited by 436 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The values of conversion efficiency indicate that P. Zamarreii of the size range of 600-800 mg converted food most efficiently. On the whole, the present values of conversion efficiency seem to be rather low, but are comparable to gross efficiency values obtained for adult Daphnia pulex (range: 0.43-1.25%) reported by Richman (1958).…”

Section: Conversion Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 84%

Laboratory studies on food intake, growth and conversion efficiency of Palaemon lamarrei in relation to body size

Shakuntala

Reddy

1977

Aquaculture

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The effects of body size on the food intake, growth and conversion efficiency of the freshwater prawn Palaemon lamarrei have been studied. In captivity, fed on a restricted diet of the muscles of the fish Gambusia affinis, moulting in these prawns occurred once in 18 + 5 days at a temperature of 26 f 1°C. The importance of these cast moults, contributing a sizable amount of organic matter to the detritus deposit of freshwater habitats has been indicated. In a log-log system, both food intake and growth per day, represented as a percentage of body weight, showed an inverse relationship to the body size. Animals in the size range of 600-800 mg exhibited the highest conversion efficiency. The present study indicates that these prawns can be successfully reared and grown under laboratory conditions.

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Section: Conversion Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 84%

Laboratory studies on food intake, growth and conversion efficiency of Palaemon lamarrei in relation to body size

Shakuntala

Reddy

1977

Aquaculture

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“…• From the data of Richman (1958) and Ketchum and Redfield (1949) the average caloric value of 7 cultures of chlorophyceae, representing 6 species from 4 genera including Chlamydomonas, was 5,230 calories per gram of dry weight, with the range from 5,158 cal/g to 5,507 cal/g, Ketchum and Redfield found the average dry weight per unit volume of -4 3 algal cells in their 6 cultures to be 2,305 x 10 g/mm . I foimd the average red cell diameter in sample 1 to be 16,4 |j," so, treating it as a sphere, the average red cell volume is 2,32 x 10"^ mm , The average red cell dimensions in sample 17 were 14,6 |j, long by 10,7 |j, wide, so, treating these as ellipsoids of revolution, the average volume of an ovoid red -7 3 cell is 8,74 x 10 mm , The average measurements of the clear and green elongate cells (mostly Scotiella nivalis) from several samples were 18,36 |ji long by 9,26 |j, wide, so, treating these cells as ellipsoids of -7 3 revolution, the average cell volume was 8,3 x 10 mm .…”

Section: Algaementioning

confidence: 97%

ECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ICE WORMS ON CASEMENT GLACIER, SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA. Institute of Polar Studies Report No. 39.

Goodman¹

1971

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“…276 -282) reproduction reproduction increases with size intraspecifically but decreases with size interspecifically animals: Peters (1983) and Kooijman (2010, pp. 69,323) respiration freshly laid eggs do not use dioxygen in significant amounts animals: Whitehead (1987), Romijn & Lokhorst (1951), Pettit (1982) and Bucher (1983) the use of dioxygen increases with decreasing mass in embryos and increases with mass in juveniles and adults animals: Romijn & Lokhorst (1951), Richman (1958), Pettit (1982), Bucher (1983), Whitehead (1987), Clarke & Johnston (1999) and Savage et al (2004) the use of dioxygen scales approximately with body weight raised to a power close to 0.75 Kleiber (1932) animals: Richman (1958), Clarke &Johnston 1999 andSavage et al (2004) organisms show a transient increase in metabolic rate after ingesting food (heat increment of feeding) animals: Janes & Chappell (1995), Chappell et al (1997), Hawkins et al (1997), Rosen & Trites (1997) and Nespolo et al (2005) ageing lifespan increases with size for endotherms, but is independent of size in ectotherms animals: Finch (1990) and Ricklefs & Finch (1995) Morowitz (1968) significant under particular conditions, but it allows these species a higher independence over the environment since all metabolic rates depend on temperature. The state variables of DEB theory are the structure(s), the reserve(s) and the level of maturity.…”

Section: (D) Acquisition Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic energy budget theory restores coherence in biology

Sousa¹,

Domingos²,

Poggiale

et al. 2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

225

185

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We present the state of the art of the development of dynamic energy budget theory, and its expected developments in the near future within the molecular, physiological and ecological domains. The degree of formalization in the set-up of the theory, with its roots in chemistry, physics, thermodynamics, evolution and the consistent application of Occam's razor, is discussed. We place the various contributions in the theme issue within this theoretical setting, and sketch the scope of actual and potential applications.Keywords: dynamic energy budget theory; biology; metabolism; ecology; evolution; energetics REACHING OUT FOR GENERALITYIn physics, there is a quest for a unified theory. Physical theories have a broad spectrum of application, a strong mathematical background and are subject to numerous empirical tests. By contrast, in biology, mathematical theory has played a secondary role because biology is frequently seen as a science of exceptions and particular cases, with little interest in abstraction and generalization. Exceptions are the research being done in the fields of theoretical biology and mathematical biology. However, theoretical and mathematical biology have frequently been carried out without a concern for empirical testing. When this concern appears, models are of narrow application, reducing their theoretical breadth. The dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory starts from the Dutch tradition of theoretical and mathematical biology, but couples it with a fundamental concern in producing general theory that is subjected to careful empirical testing.DEB theory aims to capture the quantitative aspects of metabolism at the individual level for organisms of all species. It builds on the premise that the mechanisms that are responsible for the organization of metabolism are not species-specific (Kooijman 2001(Kooijman , 2010. This hope for generality is supported by (i) the universality of physics and evolution and (ii) the existence of widespread biological empirical patterns among organisms . Table 1 synthesizes the essential criteria for any general model for the metabolism of individuals. We explore the links between DEB theory and each of the proposed criteria in the following paragraphs. DEB theory is explicitly based on the conservation of mass, isotopes, energy and time, including the inherent degradation of energy associated with all processes. So it complies to criteria 1, table 1.The DEB theory is biologically implicit, so it applies to all species. Species-specific restrictions of DEB models are explained and predicted by the theory (criterion 5, table 1). For example, consider the most important difference between DEB models, the number of reserves (biomass components that fuel metabolism) and structures (biomass components that have maintenance needs) that are delineated. This depends on the degree of coupling of the various substrates an organism needs. Animals feed on other organisms, which couples uptake of the various substrates (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nutrients) tightly and ex...

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The Transformation of Energy by Daphnia pulex

Cited by 436 publications

References 29 publications

Laboratory studies on food intake, growth and conversion efficiency of Palaemon lamarrei in relation to body size

Laboratory studies on food intake, growth and conversion efficiency of Palaemon lamarrei in relation to body size

ECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ICE WORMS ON CASEMENT GLACIER, SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA. Institute of Polar Studies Report No. 39.

Dynamic energy budget theory restores coherence in biology

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