2003
DOI: 10.1001/archderm.139.3.282
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The Transformation Rate of Moles (Melanocytic Nevi) Into Cutaneous Melanoma

Abstract: Background: Moles, or melanocytic nevi, are both markers of an increased risk of cutaneous melanoma and direct precursor lesions. Recent strategies to reduce the burden of advanced disease have focused on early detection and ongoing surveillance of moles for malignant degeneration. Inherent in this approach is the notion that moles exhibit a certain risk of transformation into melanoma; however, this risk is unknown.Objective: To estimate the risk of moles transforming into cutaneous melanoma. Design:We first … Show more

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Cited by 286 publications
(221 citation statements)
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“…5,6,11 Although these growtharrested melanocytes can exhibit senescent features, the mitotic arrest is not permanent, since almost half of melanomas likely arise from nevi that have acquired additional changes that restore proliferative capacity. 10,25,26 Genetic changes associated with melanoma formation include inactivation of tumor suppressors such as CDK inhibitors 2A/B, phosphatase and tensin homolog, and cellular tumor antigen p53. Activation of mitotic drivers such as GTPase NRas, protein kinase B, mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit, epidermal growth factor receptor, or serine/threonine protein kinases B-raf/c-Raf dimers has also been found.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…5,6,11 Although these growtharrested melanocytes can exhibit senescent features, the mitotic arrest is not permanent, since almost half of melanomas likely arise from nevi that have acquired additional changes that restore proliferative capacity. 10,25,26 Genetic changes associated with melanoma formation include inactivation of tumor suppressors such as CDK inhibitors 2A/B, phosphatase and tensin homolog, and cellular tumor antigen p53. Activation of mitotic drivers such as GTPase NRas, protein kinase B, mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit, epidermal growth factor receptor, or serine/threonine protein kinases B-raf/c-Raf dimers has also been found.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…7e9 In some studies, approximately 50% of melanomas are seen arising from benign nevi; therefore, it is logical to infer that BRAF(V600E) oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) in nevomelanocytes is reversible. 10,11 OIS is promoted by increased expression of cyclindependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p16 and p15, encoded by the CDKN2A and CDKN2B loci, respectively, on chromosomal locus 9p21.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is evidenced by the fact that remnants of melanocytic nevi are found in some melanomas [12]. The risk for malignant transformation of an individual melanocytic nevus is, however, very low [13,14].…”
Section: Garbe T Eigentler U Leitermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The annual transformation rate of any single melanocytic nevus into melanoma is exceedingly low, estimated at 0.0005 % or less for patients younger than age 40 years [23]; nonetheless, one risk factor for melanoma is a high number of AMN [24]. Children tend to have few AMN, but these lesions increase in number with age until mid-life [25].…”
Section: Acquired Melanocytic Nevimentioning
confidence: 99%