The Transient Phase Between Growth and Nongrowth of Heterotrophic Bacteria, with Emphasis on the Marine Environment

Kjelleberg, Staffan; Hermansson, Malte; Mårdén, Per; Jones, G. W.

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.41.100187.000325

Cited by 301 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…It is unlikely that our approach perfectly discriminated between dormant populations and extremely slow-growing populations (44,45). However, there is some evidence that dormant and slow-growing populations can respond similarly to favorable environmental change (45,46). Although there is potential for refined definitions and improved measurements, we view our approach as a reasonable approximation for quantifying the contribution of dormancy to microbial diversity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dormancy contributes to the maintenance of microbial diversity

Jones

Lennon

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

783

650

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Dormancy is a bet-hedging strategy used by a variety of organisms to overcome unfavorable environmental conditions. By entering a reversible state of low metabolic activity, dormant individuals become members of a seed bank, which can determine community dynamics in future generations. Although microbiologists have documented dormancy in both clinical and natural settings, the importance of seed banks for the diversity and functioning of microbial communities remains untested. Here, we develop a theoretical model demonstrating that microbial communities are structured by environmental cues that trigger dormancy. A molecular survey of lake ecosystems revealed that dormancy plays a more important role in shaping bacterial communities than eukaryotic microbial communities. The proportion of dormant bacteria was relatively low in productive ecosystems but accounted for up to 40% of taxon richness in nutrient-poor systems. Our simulations and empirical data suggest that regional environmental cues and dormancy synchronize the composition of active communities across the landscape while decoupling active microbes from the total community at local scales. Furthermore, we observed that rare bacterial taxa were disproportionately active relative to common bacterial taxa, suggesting that microbial rank-abundance curves are more dynamic than previously considered. We propose that repeated transitions to and from the seed bank may help maintain the high levels of microbial biodiversity that are observed in nearly all ecosystems.biodiversity | ecosystem function | microbial ecology | modeling | seed bank

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dormancy contributes to the maintenance of microbial diversity

Jones

Lennon

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

783

650

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“…In the last few years, a considerable amount of information has been accumulated concerning bacterial adaptation to nutrient limitation and various types of starvation conditions. These studies have complemented and expanded our general picture of bacterial physiological performance (Kjelleberg et al, 1987;Siegele and Kolter, 1992).…”

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confidence: 87%

Application of molecular tools for in situ monitoring of bacterial growth activity

Molin

Givskov

1999

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Yet heterotrophic, copiotrophic bacteria have been found to survive nutrient-depleted conditions for prolonged periods (e.g. Jones & RhodesRoberts, 1981 ;Porita, 1982;Kjelleberg et al, 1987). Bacteria that grow and multiply in the presence of an abundance of nutrients have been referred to as copiotrophs (Poindexter,198 1 a), while oligotrophic bacteria are capable of growing in extremely low substrate concentrations (Kuznetsov et al, 1979;Poindexter, 1981 b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromolecular synthesis during recovery of the marine Vibrio sp. S14 from starvation

Albertson

Nyström

Kjelleberg

1990

Journal of General Microbiology

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The recovery of Vibrio sp. S14 cells from energy-and nutrient-starvation was monitored after the addition of glucose minimal medium. Upshift experiments were done throughout a starvation period of 200 h to determine whether cells were more responsive to nutrient addition at the onset of starvation, or if the previously described programme of starvation-induced cellular reorganization had to be completed before cells could become committed to recovery following nutritional upshifts. The kinetics of macromolecular synthesis (RNA, protein and DNA), the rate of respiration and changes in median cell volume in response to nutritional upshifts at different times of starvation were examined. The relative rates of RNA and protein synthesis increased immediately upon addition of glucose minimal medium; the increase in protein synthesis was not dependent on a parallel increase in RNA synthesis, indicating that the starved cells may have an excess of protein synthesizing machinery, including stable RNA and functional ribosom?. The subsequent increase in the rate of DNA replication was initiated approximately 60min before the first apparent cell division at approximately one doubling of the theoretical minimal cell volume ( Vu). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to demonstrate the fate of starvationspecific proteins during the upshift, and also the synthesis of recovery-induced proteins that were not found in starving cells. Most starvation-inducible proteins were repressed immediately at the onset of the nutritional upshift, while 11 of the 21 recovery-induced proteins identified were expressed exclusively during the maturation phase and were subsequently repressed at the onset of regrowth. The possible role of such maturation-specific proteins in the rapid formation of a reproductive cell committed to growth and division is discussed.

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The Transient Phase Between Growth and Nongrowth of Heterotrophic Bacteria, with Emphasis on the Marine Environment

Cited by 301 publications

References 46 publications

Dormancy contributes to the maintenance of microbial diversity

Dormancy contributes to the maintenance of microbial diversity

Application of molecular tools for in situ monitoring of bacterial growth activity

Macromolecular synthesis during recovery of the marine Vibrio sp. S14 from starvation

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