The transmission of optical radiation through human nails

Parker, Sidney G.; Diffey, B. L.

doi:10.1097/00006534-198504000-00114

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…However, taken at face value, our data indicate that the mutational burden in our acral melanoma samples is considerably lower than that seen in a tumor from a sunexposed site but that their mutational signatures appear to be similar. Furthermore, our data suggest that the nail matrix does not provide complete UV protection as previously suggested (Parker and Diffey 1983) and that UVB light can penetrate the human nail. Nevertheless, there appear to be quantitative and/or qualitative differences between the UV exposure experienced by this acral case and the melanoma tumors in previous studies (Greenman et al 2007;Pleasance et al 2010a).…”

Section: Genomic Landscapesupporting

confidence: 63%

Whole genome sequencing of matched primary and metastatic acral melanomas

Turajlic

Furney²,

Lambros³

et al. 2011

Genome Res.

157

146

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Next generation sequencing has enabled systematic discovery of mutational spectra in cancer samples. Here, we used whole genome sequencing to characterize somatic mutations and structural variation in a primary acral melanoma and its lymph node metastasis. Our data show that the somatic mutational rates in this acral melanoma sample pair were more comparable to the rates reported in cancer genomes not associated with mutagenic exposure than in the genome of a melanoma cell line or the transcriptome of melanoma short-term cultures. Despite the perception that acral skin is sunprotected, the dominant mutational signature in these samples is compatible with damage due to ultraviolet light exposure. A nonsense mutation in ERCC5 discovered in both the primary and metastatic tumors could also have contributed to the mutational signature through accumulation of unrepaired dipyrimidine lesions. However, evidence of transcription-coupled repair was suggested by the lower mutational rate in the transcribed regions and expressed genes. The primary and the metastasis are highly similar at the level of global gene copy number alterations, loss of heterozygosity and single nucleotide variation (SNV). Furthermore, the majority of the SNVs in the primary tumor were propagated in the metastasis and one nonsynonymous coding SNV and one splice site mutation appeared to arise de novo in the metastatic lesion.

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Section: Genomic Landscapesupporting

confidence: 63%

Whole genome sequencing of matched primary and metastatic acral melanomas

Turajlic

Furney²,

Lambros³

et al. 2011

Genome Res.

157

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…(d) The nail's shape may act as a convex lens focusing UV onto the nail bed. 6 Although several classical antipsychotics such as the phenothiazines and the butyrophenones have been incriminated for phototoxic reactions, olanzapine and aripiprazole have not been associated with photo-onycholysis or phototoxic reactions. 7 Our patient was using chlorpromazine hydrochloride for 3.5 years and never observed phototoxic cutaneous or nail reactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-Onycholysis Caused by Olanzapine and Aripiprazole

Gregoriou

Karagiorga

Stratigos

et al. 2008

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology

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“…Other predisposing factors include exposure to radiography, when polydactylous disease may be seen. 18 UV irradiation is often discussed in the cause of cutaneous Bowen's disease, but, interestingly, the nail plate functions as an effective UV filter as there is only minimal transmission of UVB radiation 19 through the intact nail plate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%