The Transplantation Resistance of Type II Diabetes Mellitus-Derived Stem Cells is Due to G6PC and IGF1 Genes

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells and requires the regeneration of these destroyed pancreatic β-cells for radical treatment. The degeneration of organelles in stem cells compromises stem cell quality; however, organelles in the mesenchymal stem cells of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have not been characterized previously. In this study, we use transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the degeneration of organelles in adipose-derived stem cells of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM ADSCs). Compared to adipose-derived stem cells from healthy humans, T1DM ADSCs degenerate differently, characterized by prominent enlarged spherical vesicles. The exosomes of T1DM ADSCs are found to be enlarged, reduced in number, and increased in the percentage of those positive for tetraspanin CD9. The findings of this study provide insight into the characteristics of stem cells in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

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Exosome Degeneration in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Horiguchi

Okada

Turudome

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Circadian Rhythms of Clock Genes After Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Horiguchi,

Yoshihara,

Watanabe

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Regenerative therapy involving stem cell transplantation has become an option for the radical treatment of diabetes mellitus. Disruption in the clock genes of stem cells affects the homeostasis of transplanted tissues. We examined the circadian rhythm of genes in transplanted adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells derived from a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM-ADSC). The clock genes (PER2, CLOCK1, CRY1, and ARNTL[BMAL1]) exhibited similar daily fluctuations in phase and amplitude between a group transplanted with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells derived from a healthy individual (N-ADSC) and a group transplanted with T2DM-ADSC. The findings demonstrated that clock genes in stem cells are synchronized with those in living organisms. Next-generation sequencing was then employed to categorize genes that exhibited variation in expression between N-ADSC and T2DM-ADSC. MTATP8P1 and NDUFA7_2 gene expression was significantly reduced at two time points (ZT6 and ZT18), and daily fluctuations were lost. The present study reports, for the first time, that the circadian rhythms of MTATP8P1 and NDUFA7_2, genes involved in mitochondrial processes, are altered in T2DM-ADSC.

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The Transplantation Resistance of Type II Diabetes Mellitus-Derived Stem Cells is Due to G6PC and IGF1 Genes

Cited by 2 publications

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Exosome Degeneration in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Exosome Degeneration in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Circadian Rhythms of Clock Genes After Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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