The Transport and Fate of Chromium(VI) in the Environment

Stanin, F. T.; Guertin, Jacques; Jacobs, James A.; Avakian, Cynthia P.

doi:10.1201/9780203487969.ch5

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…As it is known that low pH's favor Cr(VI) reduction by organic matter [54], experiments with two different abiotic controls (cell-free and heat-killed cell controls) were carried out in this work at different pH values (2.5, 3, 4, 5, and 6 ± 0.1) and initial Cr(VI) (1.7 and 3.3 mM) and sulfate concentrations (0, 1.217, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 23.92 mM), in order to determine if the pH influences chromium removal in the absence of living biomass. It was found that the Cr(VI) and total chromium concentrations remained constant along 340 h, in both the cell-free and heat-killed cell controls at pH values ranging from 3.0 to 6.0.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hexavalent form of chromium is highly soluble in water, mobile in the environment, toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic [18,54], and it is the most frequently used in industrial processes [55]. The trivalent form is less soluble and mobile [54], 100 times less toxic [10] and 1,000 times less mutagenic [31] than the hexavalent form. In addition, Cr(III) is an essential trace element required for glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as for amino acid utilization [59].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of tolerance to Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) reduction by sulfate ion in a Candida yeast strain isolated from tannery wastewater

Guillén-Jiménez

Morales-Barrera

Morales-Jiménez

et al. 2008

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol

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The main aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the sulfate ion on the tolerance to Cr(VI) and the Cr(VI) reduction in a yeast strain isolated from tannery wastewater and identified as Candida sp. FGSFEP by the D1/D2 domain sequence of the 26S rRNA gene. The Candida sp. FGSFEP strain was grown in culture media with sulfate concentrations ranging from 0 to 23.92 mM, in absence and presence of Cr(VI) [1.7 and 3.3 mM]. In absence of Cr(VI), the yeast specific growth rate was practically the same in every sulfate concentration tested, which suggests that sulfate had no stimulating or inhibiting effect on the yeast cell growth. In contrast, at the two initial Cr(VI) concentrations assayed, the specific growth rate of Candida sp. FGSFEP rose when sulfate concentration increased. Likewise, the greater efficiencies and volumetric rates of Cr(VI) reduction exhibited by Candida sp. FGSFEP were obtained at high sulfate concentrations. Yeast was capable of reducing 100% of 1.7 mM Cr(VI) and 84% of 3.3 mM Cr(VI), with rates of 0.98 and 0.44 mg Cr(VI)/L h, with 10 and 23.92 mM sulfate concentrations, respectively. These results indicate that sulfate plays an important role in the tolerance to Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) reduction in Candida sp. FGSFEP. These findings may have significant implications in the biological treatment of Cr(VI)-laden wastewaters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of tolerance to Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) reduction by sulfate ion in a Candida yeast strain isolated from tannery wastewater

Guillén-Jiménez

Morales-Barrera

Morales-Jiménez

et al. 2008

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…The fate of chromium in the environment may also be controlled by the Eh and pH conditions. In natural waters and average redox conditions, a common transformation [22] This reaction takes place in relatively high Eh conditions at pHs between 6.5 and 8.5 [34]. According to laboratory experiments, 51 Cr (III) has been oxidized in five days at pH 8 to 10.…”

Section: Oxidation States Of Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxidation of Cr (III) to Cr (VI) or the reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) requires another redox couple which accepts or gives the necessary electrons. The significant redox couples are the following [33][34][35].…”

Section: Oxidation States Of Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Hexavalent Chromium Pollution of Thebes Plain Aquifer, Boeotia, Greece

Koilakos

2017

Water

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Abstract:The present work focuses on the environmental problem of Thebes Plain-since considerable amounts of Cr (VI) have been reported-and tries to find out the reasons of such a phenomenon and the sources of the pollution. For this issue, a complete chemical analysis of 20 samples from the study area was conducted as well as an isotopic analysis of Cr and Sr isotopes. Hexavalent chromium pollution can be triggered by human pollutant activity or specific geological environments. Stable Cr isotopic analysis gave δ 53 Cr positive values in several samples which supports the second hypothesis, but the limitations of that theory do not allow safe conclusions in all cases. Nitrates and Sr ratios suggest fertilizer contamination and the presence of SiO 2 -leaching of silicate rocks.

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“…Alternatively, Cr(III) is important to maintain balanced glucose metabolism in mammals (Kotaś and Stasicka 2000). The existence of Cr in different oxidation states has a significant consequence on the transport and the fate of Cr species, varying in their treatment capabilities and costs (Stanin 2005). Considerable efforts, therefore, have been made to treat mostly Cr(VI) containing water/ wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze Desalination as Point of Use Water Treatment Technology: A Case of Chromium (VI) Removal from Water

Melak

Ambelu

Laing

et al. 2017

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences

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Options to develop tanning industries could be hindered even in the presence of huge leather industry raw materials due to the requirements of high-tech contaminant removal technologies, especially in developing countries. This study was initiated to investigate the efficiency of freeze desalination for Cr(VI) removal using refrigerators to generate fresh water. Synthetic solutions that represent major ion compositions of drinking water as well as deionized water to which known concentrations of Cr(VI) spiked into it, were added and frozen in a closed freezer unit. The effects of different parameters such as initial concentration, freeze duration, ice nucleation, fraction of ice volume, and influence of co-occurring ions were evaluated in relation to the quality of produced ice. The physicochemical characteristics of the produced meltwater were also evaluated. A high total water recovery of up to 85% was achieved in the experimental evaluation. Cr(VI) removal efficiency of up to 80% from simulated tap and 93 to 97% for deionized water spiked with Cr(VI) were found in this batch partial freezing. Freeze desalination was found to be relatively viable desalination technology in terms of quality of water produced, options on the use of cost effective refrigerants and technologies which could have a pertinent importance to save energy consumption of freezers.

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The Transport and Fate of Chromium(VI) in the Environment

Cited by 30 publications

References 90 publications

Modulation of tolerance to Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) reduction by sulfate ion in a Candida yeast strain isolated from tannery wastewater

Modulation of tolerance to Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) reduction by sulfate ion in a Candida yeast strain isolated from tannery wastewater

Aspects of Hexavalent Chromium Pollution of Thebes Plain Aquifer, Boeotia, Greece

Freeze Desalination as Point of Use Water Treatment Technology: A Case of Chromium (VI) Removal from Water

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