The transport of heavy metals within a small urban catchment

Revitt, D. Mike; Hamilton, R.; Warren, R.S.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(90)90127-g

Cited by 36 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Vehicle brake emissions are an important source of Cu, and tyre wear is a significant source of Zn in catchments (Davis et al 2001). Leakage of engine oil and corrosion of parts and bodywork are other potential sources of road dust (Revitt et al 1990). Recent modelling of vehicular emissions in Sydney estuary catchment shows widespread atmospheric deposition from automobiles and high deposition rates associated with dense traffic networks and vehicular densities in the south and southwest of the region (Lawrence 2006).…”

Section: Sources Of Metals To Urban Stormwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hamilton et al (1987) found the mass of metals deposited from the atmosphere greatly exceeded the mass removed by stormwater runoff, with a 15-fold difference for Zn and a four-fold difference for Cu. Atmospheric metals are derived from vehicle emissions, industrial emissions and resuspension of particulates from roads and exposed soils (Revitt et al 1990) and have been shown to comprise a significant source of metals in urban stormwater runoff in many catchments (Davis et al 2001).…”

Section: Sources Of Metals To Urban Stormwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stormwater metal loading to a well-mixed/stratified estuary (Sydney Estuary, Australia) and management implications

Birch

Rochford

2009

Environ Monit Assess

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Stormwater modelling indicated an average annual discharge from Sydney estuary catchment of 215,300 mL and loadings of 0.8, 0.5, 1.7, 3.2, 1.1, 3.6 and 17.7 tonnes for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. Priority for remediation should be given to creeks with high-metal loads in the upper and central estuary, as well as discharging to the western shores of Middle Harbour. Managerial strategies need to target dissolved and particulate metal phases to ensure effective remediation. The proportion of metals discharged under low- (<5 mm rainfall/day), medium- (>5 to <50 mm/day) and high-flow conditions (>50 mm/day) was approximately 10%, 60% and 30% of total loading, respectively. Under high-flow conditions the estuary becomes stratified and most metals are exported to the sea, whereas metals discharged during low-flow may be remediated by infiltration. Effective remediation will depend on the extent to which 'first-flush' metals associated with medium-flow conditions can be remediated.

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Section: Sources Of Metals To Urban Stormwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Metals To Urban Stormwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Stormwater metal loading to a well-mixed/stratified estuary (Sydney Estuary, Australia) and management implications

Birch

Rochford

2009

Environ Monit Assess

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“…However, as wet deposition in many cases can be a major component of total deposition (e.g. Revitt et al 1990;Sweet et al 1998;Garnaud et al 1999;Morselli et al 2003), the sampling of bulk deposition (under both wet and dry conditions) is considered essential in order to estimate catchment-wide deposition loads. Direct sampling of atmospherically deposited particulates for determining heavy metal fluxes using passive bulk atmospheric deposition samplers has been conducted at general urban sites in a number of studies (Azimi et al 2003(Azimi et al , 2005Garnaud et al 1999;Morselli et al 2003;Rocher et al 2004;Sakata et al 2006;Sharma et al 2008;Sweet et al 1998;Tasić et al 2009), and the large-scale urbanrural gradient in depositions fluxes has also been examined (Wong et al 2003;Motelay-Massei et al 2005;Papaefthymiou and Anousis 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution of Bulk Atmospheric Deposition of Heavy Metals in Metropolitan Sydney, Australia

Davis

Birch

2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The detailed spatial distribution of atmospheric deposition flux of pollutants in metropolitan Sydney, Australia (ca. 480 km 2 ) is investigated through the direct simultaneous sampling of bulk deposition adjacent to roads with various traffic volumes and at background sites over a period of 1 year. Based on the field results and detailed land-use analyses, atmospheric deposition rates of copper, lead and zinc are calculated for the metropolitan region, and the contributions to stormwater pollutant loads are evaluated. Total particulates and heavy metals in bulk atmospheric deposition are found to be temporally consistent, and to exhibit strong correlations with road proximity and traffic volume. The material captured adjacent to major roads has a distinct average composition of 862 mg/kg copper, 364 mg/kg lead and 4,617 mg/kg zinc. Modelling accounting for road proximity, traffic volume and landuse affords annualised stormwater-entrainable depositional fluxes of 6.5, 4.1, 47.2 and 10,800 kg/km 2 /year for copper, lead and zinc.

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“…Urban run-off, or storm water, has been shown to contain significant amounts of metals (in particular zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb)), suspended solids (SS), and nutrients (Morrison et al 1984;Williamson 1985;Revitt et al 1990). The discharge of urban run-off to natural water-bodies has the potential to cause adverse effects to organisms residing there (House et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning of metals (Fe, Pb, Cu, Zn) in urban run‐off from the Kaikorai Valley, Dunedin, New Zealand

Mosley

Peake

2001

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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Urban run-off from a catchment in Dunedin, New Zealand was sampled and chemically characterised (iron (Fe), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) in total and <0.4 (im fractions, suspended solids, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), dissolved organic carbon, major ions, pH) during base flows, and storm flows from five rainfall events. Fe and Pb were found to be predominantly particle-associated (>0.4 μm) and their concentrations increased significantly at the beginning of storm run-off. In contrast, the majority of Cu and Zn was found in the <0.4μm fraction before rainfall events but during the initial period of storm flows a significant proportion of Cu and Zn was also present in the >0.4 μm fraction. The results indicate that Cu and Zn may be more bio-available, and more difficult to remove by storm-water treatment, than Pb. The pH level and the concentration of major ions (Ca +2 , Na + , Mg +2 , K + ), dissolved reactive phosphorus, and nitrate generally decreased during storm flows as a result of dilution by rainwater. Concentrations of total N and P often increased during the initial period of storm run-off, which was likely because of wash-off of particulate plant material.

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The transport of heavy metals within a small urban catchment

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

Stormwater metal loading to a well-mixed/stratified estuary (Sydney Estuary, Australia) and management implications

Stormwater metal loading to a well-mixed/stratified estuary (Sydney Estuary, Australia) and management implications

Spatial Distribution of Bulk Atmospheric Deposition of Heavy Metals in Metropolitan Sydney, Australia

Partitioning of metals (Fe, Pb, Cu, Zn) in urban run‐off from the Kaikorai Valley, Dunedin, New Zealand

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