The transport of PM10 over Cape Town during high pollution episodes

Molepo, Koketso M.; Abiodun, Babatunde J.; Magoba, Rembu N.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.041

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The reverse conditions hold for CT3+. The results are in agreement with [11] that states extreme pollution events in Cape Town can be caused by stagnant flow conditions over the city. the synoptic state of CT3− (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…They found that during the austral winter (JJA) and the austral spring (SON), BC and sulfur dioxide are the two major pollutants, due to sugarcane burning. The authors of [11] analyzed the transport of PM10 (i.e., particulate matter with a diameter < 10 µm) from remote sources into Cape Town during high pollution episodes. They found that the transport of PM10 is triggered by a trough along the west coast and high pressure over the continent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Imprint of the Southern Annular Mode on Black Carbon AOD in the Western Cape Province

Ibebuchi

Paeth

2021

Atmosphere

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This study examines the relationship between variations of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and black carbon (BC) at 550 nm aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the Western Cape province (WC). Variations of the positive (negative) phase of the SAM are found to be related to regional circulation types (CTs) in southern Africa, associated with suppressed (enhanced) westerly wind over the WC through the southward (northward) migration of Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude cyclones. The CTs related to positive (negative) SAM anomalies induce stable (unstable) atmospheric conditions over the southwestern regions of the WC, especially during the austral winter and autumn seasons. Through the control of CTs, positive (negative) SAM phases tend to contribute to the build-up (dispersion and dilution) of BC in the study region because they imply dry (wet) conditions which favor the build-up (washing out) of pollutant particles in the atmosphere. Indeed, recent years with an above-average frequency of CTs related to positive (negative) SAM anomalies are associated with a high (low) BC AOD over southwesternmost Africa.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Imprint of the Southern Annular Mode on Black Carbon AOD in the Western Cape Province

Ibebuchi

Paeth

2021

Atmosphere

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“…Research has shown that during high pollution days in Cape Town, most of the air parcels have travelled from major dust source regions such as the Kalahari and Namib deserts before arriving over the city. In addition to favorable atmospheric conditions for the dispersion of air pollution, peaks in PM 10 concentrations are associated with transport of PM 10 plume driven by northerly flow induced by coastal and continental high pressure systems [ 30 ]. Another study from Cape Town investigated the sources and chemical composition of PM 2.5 and soot levels, finding significant correlations with PM 10 levels measured 3 km from one of the monitoring stations used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Joint Effects of PM10, NO2 and SO2 on Cardio-Respiratory Disease Hospital Admissions in Cape Town, South Africa

Adebayo-Ojo

Wichmann

Arowosegbe

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background/Aim: In sub-Sahara Africa, few studies have investigated the short-term association between hospital admissions and ambient air pollution. Therefore, this study explored the association between multiple air pollutants and hospital admissions in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: Generalized additive quasi-Poisson models were used within a distributed lag linear modelling framework to estimate the cumulative effects of PM10, NO2, and SO2 up to a lag of 21 days. We further conducted multi-pollutant models and stratified our analysis by age group, sex, and season. Results: The overall relative risk (95% confidence interval (CI)) for PM10, NO2, and SO2 at lag 0–1 for hospital admissions due to respiratory disease (RD) were 1.9% (0.5–3.2%), 2.3% (0.6–4%), and 1.1% (−0.2–2.4%), respectively. For cardiovascular disease (CVD), these values were 2.1% (0.6–3.5%), 1% (−0.8–2.8%), and −0.3% (−1.6–1.1%), respectively, per inter-quartile range increase of 12 µg/m3 for PM10, 7.3 µg/m3 for NO2, and 3.6 µg/m3 for SO2. The overall cumulative risks for RD per IQR increase in PM10 and NO2 for children were 2% (0.2–3.9%) and 3.1% (0.7–5.6%), respectively. Conclusion: We found robust associations of daily respiratory disease hospital admissions with daily PM10 and NO2 concentrations. Associations were strongest among children and warm season for RD.

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“…Cumulative effects of climate drivers and associated climate risks induced by climate change ( Manzanedo and Manning, 2020 ) and their seasonal variability with short-term and long-term exposure to outdoor air pollutants in large metropolitan areas have adverse health effects at city and regional levels and frequently increase the risk/hazard of viral infections probability ( Yuan et al, 2021 ; Baldasano, 2020 ; Pfahl et al, 2015 ; Zoran et al, 2008 ; Zhou et al, 2018 ; Air Pollutants, Air, CDC, 2021 ; Molepo et al, 2019 ). Also, heavy urban air pollution episodes for several days ( Pandolfi et al, 2014 ) can be associated with local specific meteorological conditions, like haze, lower atmospheric inversions, and with trans-border air pollution events (Saharan dust intrusions, or other transports of industrial pollutants ( Salvador et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative effects of air pollution and climate drivers on COVID-19 multiwaves in Bucharest, Romania

Zoran

Savastru

Săvăstru

et al. 2022

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

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The transport of PM10 over Cape Town during high pollution episodes

Cited by 16 publications

References 78 publications

The Imprint of the Southern Annular Mode on Black Carbon AOD in the Western Cape Province

The Imprint of the Southern Annular Mode on Black Carbon AOD in the Western Cape Province

Short-Term Joint Effects of PM10, NO2 and SO2 on Cardio-Respiratory Disease Hospital Admissions in Cape Town, South Africa

Cumulative effects of air pollution and climate drivers on COVID-19 multiwaves in Bucharest, Romania

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