The Treatment of Cigarette Dependence

Raw, Martin

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7734-8_11

Cited by 38 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Five-minute apgar scores ranged from 7 to 10. The age at which symptoms began ranged from 2 to 17 (mean 6 …”

Section: Patients and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of nicotine chewing-gum and psychological treatments for dependent smokers

1981

Archivos de Bronconeumología

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Summary and conclusionsThe results of using nicotine chewing-gum to treat dependent smokers attending a withdrawal clinic were compared with the results of psychological treatment. At one-year follow-up 26 (38%) out of 69 people who received nicotine gum were abstinent compared with seven (14%) out of 49 who received psychological treatment (p <0 01). Abstinence was confirmed by the measurement of carboxyhaemoglobin concentrations or expired air carbon monoxide. Blood nicotine concentrations when patients used the gum averaged half the smoking values, and side effects were few. Addiction occurred in only two subjects.Thus nicotine chewing-gum is a useful aid to giving up smoking and is probably acceptable even for people with cardiovascular disease.

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“…Five-minute apgar scores ranged from 7 to 10. The age at which symptoms began ranged from 2 to 17 (mean 6 …”

Section: Patients and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of nicotine chewing-gum and psychological treatments for dependent smokers

1981

Archivos de Bronconeumología

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“…Once they join, however, the outlook is very good. In most clinics (Raw, 1977) the success rate is between 60-90%.…”

Section: Smokersmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Lehrer (1978) found that over half of the population in his study stopped smoking once or several times for a certain amount of time. Raw (1977) reports in his review of research on smoking that there is a very high rate of success in anti-smoking clinics (60-90%) no matter which method is applied.…”

Section: Ex-smokersmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Problem of Relapse and the Clubs for Ex-smokers

Baric

1978

Journal of the Institute of Health Education

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“…There is evidence of the development of tolerance to its effects, as well as of withdrawal symptoms when it is made unavailable. The success rates of smokers who come to clinics for help in giving up are unimpressive (Hunt and Matarazzo, 1973;Raw, 1978) as with other drugs.…”

Section: The Concept Of Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking, addiction and decision‐making

Eiser

1983

Applied Psychology

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There can be few, if any, forms of behavior both as widespread and as damaging to health as is cigarette smoking, yet behavioral medicine research has so far produced only very partial improvements in our understanding of such behavior or of techniques for its modification. When one considers the contributions which psychologists have made, one is by and large looking at specific applications of specific approaches, and the goal of an integration of behavioral and biomedical science knowledge (cf. Gentry, 1981) still seems a long way off. In short, the field still lacks a coherent conceptual framework, and as a result there is a multiplicity of views on which research questions should be given the highest priority. This multiplicity is not in itself a matter for regret, but it makes it difficult for any single paper to represent fairly all current areas of research activity. This paper claims no such representativeness. I shall not consider directly the potential applications of techniques of behavior modification in smokers' clinics and similar person-to-person encounters between therapists and individual smokers (cf. Raw, 1978). Nor shall I deal here with the extremely important area of prevention of smoking among adolescents (cf. Evans, 1981). The immediate effects of nicotine or deprivation on attention, mood and task performance likewise will not be described specifically.Instead, I shall concentrate on what seems to me to be one of the most critical conceptual contrasts in current research. This contrast is that which arises from two divergent approaches. The first approach, with a strong reliance on physiological evidence concerning smokers' attempts to regulate their intake of nicotine, emphasizes

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The Treatment of Cigarette Dependence

Cited by 38 publications

References 109 publications

Comparison of nicotine chewing-gum and psychological treatments for dependent smokers

Comparison of nicotine chewing-gum and psychological treatments for dependent smokers

The Problem of Relapse and the Clubs for Ex-smokers

Smoking, addiction and decision‐making

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