The Treatment of Renewable Energy Certificates, EmissionsAllowances, and Green Power Programs in State Renewables PortfolioStandards

Holt, Edward; Wiser, Ryan

doi:10.2172/923653

“…These certificates represent the environmental, social, and other non-power attributes of renewable electricity generation (Holt and Bird 2005). To comply with RPS policies, utilities or LSEs can directly own renewable energy generation, purchase renewable electricity bundled with RECs through PPAs, and/or purchase unbundled RECs separately (e.g., procured via separate contracts) (Holt and Wiser 2007).…”

Section: State and Regional Renewable Energy Certificate (Rec) Marketsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Federal and State Structures to Support Financing Utility-Scale Solar Projects and the Business Models Designed to Utilize Them

Mendelsohn¹,

Kreycik²

2012

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NOTICEThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof.

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“…7 Unbundled RECs cannot be used in Iowa, Arizona, or Hawaii for RPS compliance. Iowa adopted its standard before RECs existed and has already met its requirement (Holt and Wiser 2007). …”

Section: Rec Tradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and Trends in U.S. Compliance and Voluntary Renewable Energy Certificate Markets (2010 Data)

Heeter

¹

,

Bird

²

2011

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NOTICEThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof.

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“…An unbundled REC represents the environmental benefits without the actual energy, and bundled RECs include both the environmental benefits and the actual energy produced by a renewable source. Many states allow RECs to be bought unbundled from the associated electricity and used to fulfill RPS obligations (Holt and Wiser 2007).…”

Section: Renewable Portfolio Standards and Solar Set-asidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2008 Solar Technologies Market Report

None¹

2010

0

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The Treatment of Renewable Energy Certificates, EmissionsAllowances, and Green Power Programs in State Renewables PortfolioStandards

Cited by 36 publications

References 7 publications

Federal and State Structures to Support Financing Utility-Scale Solar Projects and the Business Models Designed to Utilize Them

Federal and State Structures to Support Financing Utility-Scale Solar Projects and the Business Models Designed to Utilize Them

Status and Trends in U.S. Compliance and Voluntary Renewable Energy Certificate Markets (2010 Data)

2008 Solar Technologies Market Report

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