The treatment of severe or recurrent deep venous thrombosis

Platelets and coronary artery disease: Interactions with the blood vessel wall and cardiovascular devices

“…The envelope can be divided in two substructures: the plasma membrane and the glycocalix [14]. The plasma membrane has a thickness of 8 nm and consists of two lipid layers joined back to back containing phospholipids; the negatively charged phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol residues are primarily confined to the cytoplasmic side, where they may serve as substrates for phospholipases (PLs).…”

Влияние Нового Производного ГАМК На Развитие Окислительного Стресса У Крыс В Условиях 30-Минутной Ишемии И Реперфузии Миокарда

“…Âîçìîaeíî, ýòî ñâÿçàíî ñ âà-çîäèëàòèðóþùèì, àíòèãèïîêñè÷åñêèì, àíòèàãðåãàíò-íûì äåéñòâèåì ñîåäèíåíèÿ, óëó÷øåíèåì êîðîíàðíîãî êðîâîîáðàùåíèÿ.  ðàíåå ïðîâåäåííûõ èññëåäîâàíèÿõ ó ðàöåòàìîâ âûÿâëåíû äàííûå âèäû àêòèâíîñòè [7,14,18]. Âåðîÿòíî, ÷òî âîññòàíîâëåíèå ãåìîäèíàìèêè ïðè-âîäèò ê âûìûâàíèþ íåäîîêèñëåííûõ ïðîäóêòîâ è ðàç-ëè÷íûõ ïåðåêèñåé èç èøåìèçèðîâàííûõ òêàíåé ìèî-êàðäà, ÷òî ñïîñîáñòâóåò ïðåðûâàíèþ äàëüíåéøåé öåï-íîé ðåàêöèè îêèñëåíèÿ è óâåëè÷åíèþ àêòèâíîñòè ôåð-ìåíòîâ ÀÎÑ.…”

Effects of Piracetam Supplementation on Cochlear Damage Occuring in Guinea Pigs Exposed to Irradiation

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Exposure of cells to ionizing radiation cause oxidative stress because it occurs through which a variety of reactive oxygen species, such as the superoxide radical (O 2 · Ϫ ), the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and the hydroxyl radical (OH Ϫ ) that are associated with radiation-induced cytotoxicity 30) Although all respiring cells are equipped with protective enzymes such as SOD and CAT or GSH-Px, increased oxidative stress in cells stemming from ionizing radiation may overwhelm the protective systems, leading to cell injury. 31) Consequently, piracetam is a drug that has antioxidant, 22,32,33) platelet antiaggregant, rheological, [20][21][22] anti-inflammatory, 34) antiapoptotic, cytoprotective 35) and immunomodulatory effects. 36,37) Minkova et al 38) reported that 200 mg/kg piracetam combined with vitamin E 20 mg/kg and anthocyans 50 mg/kg has a radioprotective effect.…”

“…The rheological effects of piracetam, especially those related to red cells, are probably related partly to cell membrane changes, such as lipid structure, prostaglandin synthesis, and degree of phosphorylation of spectrin, especially in erythrocytes but also in white cells and platelets, and partly to qualitative changes in some plasma protein fractions such as fibrinogen, macroglobulins and von Willebrand's factor. 20) The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effects of parenteral piracetam supplementation on cochlear damage occurring in guinea pigs exposed to total cranium irradiation.…”

“…Different but complementary effects have been recognized, such as effects on cognitive function, platelet anti-aggregant, rheological and antioxidant mechanisms. [20][21][22] Nootropic (cognitive) effects were the first established. These relate both to the ability to cross the bloodbrain barrier and local vasomotor and metabolic effects, such as increase in oxygen and glucose utilisation, decrease in the lactate/pyruvate ratio and restoration of regional metabolism via the ATP pathway.…”