The tree planting and protecting culture of cattle ranchers and small-scale agriculturalists in rural Panama: Opportunities for reforestation and land restoration

Garen, Eva J.; Saltonstall, Kristin; Ashton, Mark S.; Slusser, Jacob L.; Mathias, Shane; Hall, Jefferson S.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.10.011

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Anecdotal evidence suggests that some farmers plant timber species along fences and fruit species near houses, so depending on where reforestation efforts occur, different species and their associated uses may be more or less popular. These findings from our survey are supported by results from another study in Los Santos stating that 79% of respondents plant fruit trees near their homes (Garen et al, 2011). Another survey in Los Santos similarly found that wood and fruit rank first and second in tree uses reported by plantation owners, and a survey in neighboring Herrera province indicated that 80-85% of pasture owners also retain trees for wood and fruit (Love and Spaner, 2005;Garen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Decision To Protect Or Plant Treessupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Although survey participants mentioned six common live fence species used in the region, each farmer uses an average of only 3-4 species. Despite the low diversity of live fence species used per farm when compared to the Los Santos region as a whole, Garen et al (2011) found that more farmers in Los Santos plant trees as live fences compared to farmers in other parts of Panama. When asked why they did or did not use a certain live fence species, farmers in our survey would often mention availability of planting stock as a main reason.…”

Section: F O C U S / Protection or Plantation Of Treesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…This study builds on the work of Garen et al (2011) showing that cattle ranchers and agriculturalists in Panama's tropical dry forest environment have diverse reasons for maintaining trees outside of forests, including cattle fodder and shade, and timber for diverse uses. Our study builds upon their previous work by focusing exclusively on one of the sites examined by Garen et al (2011), located in Los Santos province, and surveying land managers in two sites, Pedasi and Macaracas, within that province.…”

Section: Photomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study builds upon their previous work by focusing exclusively on one of the sites examined by Garen et al (2011), located in Los Santos province, and surveying land managers in two sites, Pedasi and Macaracas, within that province. While Garen et al's study compared participants in the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's Native Species Reforestation Project (PRORENA) to non-participants within the same site, our current study expands this analysis by comparing land managers with and without existing forest on their land in a larger study area within Los Santos.…”

Section: Photomentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Farm to Forest: Factors Associated with Protecting and Planting Trees in a Panamanian Agricultural Landscape

Metzel¹,

Montagnini²

2014

Bois for. trop.

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Les fragments résiduels de forêt sèche sur la péninsule d'Azuero au Panama sont repré-sentatifs d'un des types forestiers les plus menacés à l'échelle de la planète, et qui a quasiment disparu au Panama. Dans de telles zones de production agricole et d'éle-vage, les arbres hors forêt sont indispensables à la connectivité du paysage, à la survie des espèces autochtones et au maintien des services écosystémiques associés à ces fragments forestiers résiduels. Les enquêtes que nous avons menées auprès de gestionnaires terriens dans la province de Los Santos au Panama montrent que les agriculteurs dans cette région protègent et plantent des arbres pour des motifs différents. Alors qu'ils protè-gent les arbres pour plusieurs raisons (comme source de bois, de fruits, de fourrage et d'ombre, et pour leur protection de l'eau), ils en plantent surtout pour produire du bois et des fruits, qui leur assurent des revenus tangibles. Par ailleurs, dans cette région, les sites où les arbres sont plantés sont plus diversifiés et plus spécifiques que les sites où les arbres sont protégés. Six essences sont fréquemment utilisées pour la création de haies vives au Los Santos, et les proprié-taires de ces haies gardent souvent des arbres utiles pour le fourrage et le bois à proximité. La gestion coopérative des haies vives pourrait ainsi devenir un moyen efficace pour augmenter la connectivité des paysages dans cette région où ils sont fortement fragmentés. Nos résultats indiquent que les agriculteurs de Los Santos plantent des arbres ou les protègent dans leurs terres productives pour des raisons très différentes. Ces différences entre leurs motivations ont des implications importantes qui doivent être prises en compte dans les approches visant à accroître la couverture forestière dans la région. Les projets visant à promouvoir la régénération naturelle des forêts encouragent les agriculteurs à protéger les arbres sur leurs terres, et pourraient mieux réussir en mettant l'accent sur les services écosystémiques intangibles tels que la protection de l'eau à moindre coût. À l'inverse, les projets visant à promouvoir la plantation d'arbres doivent en démontrer les bénéfices économiques tangibles.Mots-clés : reboisement, régénération, haie vive, agriculteurs, pâturages, eau, bois, fruits, Panama. ABSTRACT FROM FARM TO FOREST: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PROTECTING AND PLANTING TREES IN A PANAMANIAN AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPEThe small forest patches of tropical dry forest that remain on the Azuero peninsula of Panama represent part of one of the most critically endangered forest types worldwide and one that has been almost entirely eliminated in Panama. In a productive agricultural and cattle-ranching landscape, trees outside the forest are essential to increasing the connectivity of the landscape, the survival of native species, and the ecosystem services provided by these remaining small forest patches. Based on surveys conducted with land managers from Los Santos province, Panama, we conclude that farmers in this region protect and plant trees...

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Section: Factors Influencing the Decision To Protect Or Plant Treessupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: F O C U S / Protection or Plantation Of Treesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Photomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

From Farm to Forest: Factors Associated with Protecting and Planting Trees in a Panamanian Agricultural Landscape

Metzel¹,

Montagnini²

2014

Bois for. trop.

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“…Given its simplicity and its similarity to current agricultural practices, the Taungya system might encourage farmers to integrate C. odorata into their farms and thus help meet demand for wood and ensure recovery of the species in its native range. Farmers in Panama already actively plant and protect trees on their farms [41,58,59]; however, systematic concepts to improve wood quality that meet demands of small-scale farmers are lacking. e system presented here might be suitable not only for C. odorata but could potentially be adapted to other species of Meliaceae (such as S. macrophylla) as well as to other valuable hardwoods, which will be investigated in further studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IntercroppingCedrela odoratawith Shrubby Crop Species to Reduce Infestation withHypsipyla grandellaand Improve the Quality of Timber

Paul

Weber

2013

ISRN Forestry

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Cultivation of Cedrela odorata, a valuable tropical hardwood species, is restricted by the mahogany shoot borer (Hypsipyla grandella), whose attacks reduce stem quality in forest plantations. is study investigated whether infestation rates would be reduced and growth performance improved by the intercropping of C. odorata tree seedlings with different crop rotations. e height increment achieved by C. odorata during the �rst two years was signi�cantly stimulated by the intercropping of maize (Zea mays), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), and cassava (Manihot esculenta). Attacks of H. grandella were also considerably reduced in these treatments, compared to the control plots, while intercropping with beans and rice produced no improvement. e effect was particularly distinct when lateral competition between trees and crops was high. Accordingly stem quality was higher in the treatments featuring tall crops. Trees intercropped with C. cajan performed best in terms of height (276 cm ±93), survival (100% ±0), and quality (81% ±13.5 of trees with satisfying stem quality) aer two years. We concluded that intercropping of tree seedlings which are susceptible to H. grandella with shrubby multipurpose species can improve both tree growth and timber quality and hence increase the attractiveness of such species for reforestation.

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Species‐level tree crown maps improve predictions of tree recruit abundance in a tropical landscape

Barber

Graves

Hall

et al. 2022

Ecological Applications

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Predicting forest recovery at landscape scales will aid forest restoration efforts.The first step in successful forest recovery is tree recruitment. Forecasts of tree recruit abundance, derived from the landscape-scale distribution of seed sources (i.e., adult trees), could assist efforts to identify sites with high potential for natural regeneration. However, previous work revealed wide variation in the effect of seed sources on seedling abundance, from positive to no effect. We quantified the relationship between adult tree seed sources and tree recruits and predicted where natural recruitment would occur in a fragmented, tropical, agricultural landscape.We integrated species-specific tree crown maps generated from hyperspectral imagery and property ownership data with field data on the spatial distribution of tree recruits from five species. We then developed hierarchical Bayesian models to predict landscape-scale recruit abundance. Our models revealed that speciesspecific maps of tree crowns improved recruit abundance predictions. Conspecific crown area had a much stronger impact on recruitment abundance (8.00% increase in recruit abundance when conspecific tree density increases from zero to one tree; 95% credible interval (CI): 0.80% to 11.57%) than heterospecific crown area (0.03% increase with the addition of a single heterospecific tree, 95% CI: À0.60% to 0.68%). Individual property ownership was also an important predictor of recruit abundance: The best performing model had varying effects of conspecific and heterospecific crown area on recruit abundance, depending on individual property ownership. We demonstrate how novel remote sensing approaches and cadastral data can be used to generate high-resolution and landscape-level maps of tree recruit abundance. Spatial models parameterized with field, cadastral, and remote sensing data are poised to assist decision support for forest landscape restoration.

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The tree planting and protecting culture of cattle ranchers and small-scale agriculturalists in rural Panama: Opportunities for reforestation and land restoration

Cited by 49 publications

References 51 publications

From Farm to Forest: Factors Associated with Protecting and Planting Trees in a Panamanian Agricultural Landscape

From Farm to Forest: Factors Associated with Protecting and Planting Trees in a Panamanian Agricultural Landscape

IntercroppingCedrela odoratawith Shrubby Crop Species to Reduce Infestation withHypsipyla grandellaand Improve the Quality of Timber

Species‐level tree crown maps improve predictions of tree recruit abundance in a tropical landscape

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