The trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase Tps2 regulates
            <i>ATG8</i>
            transcription and autophagy in
            <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

Kim, Bongkeun; Lee, Yongook; Choi, Hyojeong; Huh, Won-Ki

doi:10.1080/15548627.2020.1746592

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The serine/threonine protein kinase Rim15 is well characterized in yeast and functions to integrate signaling from the nutrient-sensing kinases TORC1, Sch9, PKA and Pho85-Pho80. Yeast Rim15 is required for starvation-induced autophagy in response to PKA and Sch9 inactivation, but it is not required for TORC1-dependent rapamycin-induced autophagy, suggesting PKA and Sch9 in yeast regulate autophagy in a pathway parallel to the TORC1 pathway (Swinnen et al 2006; Yorimitsu et al 2007; Yang et al 2010; Kim et al 2021). The blast fungus gene MGG_00345 (Dean et al 2005) is the M. oryzae RIM15 homologue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand more about the molecular underpinnings of biotrophic growth, here, we screened genes for roles in maintaining biotrophic interfacial integrity by expressing Pwl2-mCherry NLS and Bas4-GFP as fluorescent biotrophic membrane integrity probes in two mutant strains impaired for biotrophic growth: a mutant strain disrupted for the M. oryzae homologue of RIM15 encoding a serine-threonine protein kinase acting on autophagy in parallel with TOR in yeast (Swinnen et al 2006; Yorimitsu et al 2007; Yang et al 2010; Kim et al 2021); and Δasn1 , a previously characterized asparagine auxotrophic mutant (Marroquin-Guzman et al 2018). Characterizing these mutant strains using a combination of live-cell imaging, leaf sheath infusions of glutamine-related metabolites and autophagy modifiers, genome-wide analyses and plate tests, revealed that biotrophic growth and interfacial membrane integrity requires cycles of autophagy-dependent TOR reactivation mediated by α-ketoglutarate, a previously unknown amino acid sufficiency signal ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autophagy-dependent TOR reactivation drives fungal growth in living host rice cells

Gong

Dulal

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Eukaryotic filamentous plant pathogens with biotrophic growth stages like the devastating hemibiotrophic rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae grow for extended periods in living host plant cells without eliciting defense responses. M. oryzae elaborates invasive hyphae (IH) that grow in and between living rice cells while separated from host cytoplasm by plant-derived membrane interfaces. However, although critical to the plant infection process, the molecular mechanisms and metabolic strategies underpinning this intracellular growth phase are poorly understood. Eukaryotic cell growth depends on activated target-of-rapamycin (TOR) kinase signaling, which inhibits autophagy. Here, using live-cell imaging coupled with plate growth tests and RNAseq, proteomic, quantitative phosphoproteomics and metabolic approaches, we show how cycles of autophagy in IH modulate TOR reactivation via α-ketoglutarate to sustain biotrophic growth and maintain biotrophic interfacial membrane integrity in host rice cells. Deleting the M. oryzae serine-threonine protein kinase Rim15-encoding gene attenuated biotrophic growth, disrupted interfacial membrane integrity and abolished the in planta autophagic cycling we observe here for the first time in wild type. δrim15 was also impaired for glutaminolysis and depleted for α-ketoglutarate. α-ketoglutarate treatment of Δrim15- infected leaf sheaths remediated Δrim15 biotrophic growth. In WT, α-ketoglutarate treatment suppressed autophagy. α-ketoglutarate signaling is amino acid prototrophy- and GS-GOGAT cycle-dependent. We conclude that, following initial IH elaboration, cycles of Rim15-dependent autophagic flux liberate α-ketoglutarate - via the GS-GOGAT cycle - as an amino acid-sufficiency signal to trigger TOR reactivation and promote fungal biotrophic growth in nutrient-restricted host rice cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy-dependent TOR reactivation drives fungal growth in living host rice cells

Gong

Dulal

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Autophagy is one of the major ways to maintain cellular homeostasis, too much or too little will lead to cell death, thus the process of autophagy needs to keep at an appropriate level by tightly controlled (Kim et al, 2020). In recent decades, more than 40 ATG have been identified by yeast genetic studies and comprised about 19 core ATG involved in several steps of the autophagy process (Ohsumi, 2014; Parzych et al, 2018; Takeshige et al, 1992; Tsukada & Ohsumi, 1993).…”

Section: Regulation Of Autophagy By Trim Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of TRIM family proteins in autophagy, pyroptosis, and diabetes mellitus

Wan

2021

Cell Biology International

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The ubiquitin‐proteasome system, which is one of the systems for cell protein homeostasis and degradation, happens through the ordered and coordinated action of three types of enzymes, E1 ubiquitin‐activating enzyme, E2 ubiquitin‐carrier enzyme, E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase. Tripartite motif‐containing (TRIM) family proteins are the richest subfamily of really interesting new gene E3 ubiquitin ligases, which play a critical role not only in many biological processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, innate immunity, and autophagy, but also many diseases like cancer, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative disease. Increasing evidence suggests that TRIM family proteins play a vital role in modulating autophagy, pyroptosis, and diabetes mellitus. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of TRIM proteins in the regulation of autophagy, pyroptosis, diabetes mellitus, and diabetic complications.

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“…A loss in the catalytic subunit of these two enzymes was shown to impair autophagy flux under nitrogen starvation. In particular, Tps2 positively regulates ATG8 expression, as loss of Tps2 was shown to impair ATG8 induction and autophagy flux under nitrogen starvation 231 …”

Section: Trehalosementioning

confidence: 99%

Natural products as geroprotectors: An autophagy perspective

Raj

Fann

Wong

et al. 2021

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Over the past decade, significant attention has been given to repurposing Food and Drug Administration approved drugs to treat age‐related diseases. In contrast, less consideration has been given to natural bioactive compounds. Consequently, there have been limited attempts to translate these compounds. Autophagy is a fundamental biological pathway linked to aging, and numerous strategies to enhance autophagy have been shown to extend lifespan. Interestingly, there are a number of natural products that are reported to modulate autophagy, and here we describe a number of them that activate autophagy through diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms. Among these, Urolithin A, Spermidine, Resveratrol, Fatty Acids and Phospholipids, Trehalose and Lithium are featured in detail. Finally, we outline possible strategies to optimise and increase the translatability of natural products, with the overall aim of delaying the ageing process and improving human healthspan.

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The trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase Tps2 regulates ATG8 transcription and autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 28 publications

References 59 publications

Autophagy-dependent TOR reactivation drives fungal growth in living host rice cells

Autophagy-dependent TOR reactivation drives fungal growth in living host rice cells

The role of TRIM family proteins in autophagy, pyroptosis, and diabetes mellitus

Natural products as geroprotectors: An autophagy perspective

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