“…Psychological capital is a positive psychological state encompassing personal resources such as hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism ( Luthans et al, 2007 ), forming the acronym HERO. Research has consistently shown its significant benefits for work-related outcomes, including performance, productivity ( Peterson et al, 2011 ; Baykal and Zehir, 2018 ), engagement ( Gao et al, 2023 ), innovative behavior ( Karakitapoğlu-Aygün et al, 2020 ; Özsungur, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021 ), and well-being ( Luthans et al, 2013 ; Youssef-Morgan and Luthans, 2015 ). Employees with higher PsyCap levels tend to exhibit be more satisfied, committed, relaxed ( Avey et al, 2010 , 2011b ; Luthans and Youssef-Morgan, 2017 ) and openness to change ( Liu, 2021 ).…”