The Trigeminal Nerve: Anatomy and Pathology

Freddi, Tomás de Andrade Lourenção; Ottaiano, Ana Carolina; Lucio, Luciane Lucas; Corrêa, Diogo Goulart; Cruz, Luiz Celso Hygino da

doi:10.1053/j.sult.2022.04.002

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Branch V2 of a nerve is purely sensory and provides innervation to the maxilla, palate, upper lip, and cheek. Branch V3 of the nerve is the largest sensorimotor branch, which provides sensory information from the lower third of the face, tongue, floor of the mouth, and mandibular, while the motor part innervates the muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseters, and pterygoid), the mylohyoid muscle, and the anterior belly of digastric muscle [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Original Therapy for Stimulation of Oral Areas Innervated by the Trigeminal Nerve in a Child with Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome

et al. 2023

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About 90% of children diagnosed with classic BWS have macroglossia, and 40% of them are submitted to surgical tongue reduction. The purpose of our article is to present a case study of a 5-month-old child with BWS who was treated with an original therapy for stimulation of oral areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The therapy included stimulation of the upper and lower lip and muscles of the floor of the mouth. The treatment was provided by a therapist once a week. In addition, the child was stimulated every day at home by his mother. After 3 months, a significant improvement in oral alignment and function was achieved. Preliminary observations of therapy application for stimulation regions innervated by the trigeminal nerve in children with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome seem promising. The original therapy for stimulation of oral areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve is a good alternative to existing methods of surgical tongue reduction in children with BWS and macroglossia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Original Therapy for Stimulation of Oral Areas Innervated by the Trigeminal Nerve in a Child with Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome

et al. 2023

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“… 11 The ATN originates from the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve, which also divides into buccal nerves that innervate sensation in the cheek. 21 In addition to the face, the sensory branch of the facial nerve receives sensations from the outer ear. 22 , 23 The vascular supply to the ear comes from the branches of the middle temporal and posterior auricular arteries, which sensorily innervate the trigeminal nerve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Dermoscopic Capillary-Related Features of the Auricle and Earlobe and Rosacea Subtype and Disease Severity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Zhang,

Pan,

et al. 2023

CCID

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Background and Aim Clinical manifestations of rosacea include transient or persistent facial erythema, telangiectasia, papules, and pustules. The existing assessment tools primarily evaluate the facial area to assess the severity of rosacea. However, in addition to the face, telangiectasia, erythema, and flushing can occur in the ear. Here, we investigated the correlation between the dermoscopic characteristics of capillaries in the earlobe and auricle and the types and severity of rosacea. Materials and Methods Experienced dermatologists evaluated the clinical type, medical history, severity, and distribution pattern of facial erythema. The clinical severity of rosacea was assessed using the standard grading system (SGS), clinician’s erythema assessment (CEA), and investigator’s global assessment (IGA). Relationships of the clinical types and severity with the dermoscopic characteristics of capillaries in the earlobe and auricle were further analyzed. Results In total, 145 patients with rosacea were enrolled in this study. We found that SGS, CEA, and IGA correlated well with the dermoscopic features of capillaries in the earlobe (R = 0.357, 0.357, and 0.314, respectively) (p < 0.001) and auricle (R = 0.423, 0.443, and 0.374, respectively) (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between the features and types of rosacea. Conclusion The dermoscopic characteristics of capillaries in the earlobe and auricle can be used as indicators of the clinical severity of rosacea, regardless of the clinical subtype.

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“…The trigeminal nerve, also named fifth cranial pair, has a sensitive motor function. It provides sensory innervation to the anterior region of the scalp, face, and auriculotemporal region, performed by the ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and mandibular (V3) branches [33]. Trigeminal trophic syndrome is a rare condition resulting from damage to the nerve due to a variety of causes, such as herpes zoster, trauma, neoplasms, infectious diseases, and iatrogenesis [34, 35].…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Scalp and Trichodynia: Epidemiology, Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

Souza,

Anzai,

Fechine

et al. 2023

Skin Appendage Disord

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Sensitive scalp (SSc) is considered a sensitive skin on the scalp, with its particularities. Although it is not rare in the dermatological practice and the term is commonly present in personal care products, this entity is poorly investigated in the medical literature. The etiopathogenesis is still uncertain, and the sensitivity may be associated with hair loss. Clinical manifestations are subjective symptoms of pruritus, burning, pain, pricking, and/or trichodynia, often with scalp erythema. SSc can be triggered by several factors (endogenous or exogenous). The diagnosis is guided by the anamnesis, and there are still no specific trichoscopic features. Trigeminal trophic syndrome and postherpetic neuralgia are the main differential diagnosis to be considered. We organized the therapeutical approach in three steps: scalp care, topical and systemic treatment.

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The Trigeminal Nerve: Anatomy and Pathology

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Application of Original Therapy for Stimulation of Oral Areas Innervated by the Trigeminal Nerve in a Child with Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome

Application of Original Therapy for Stimulation of Oral Areas Innervated by the Trigeminal Nerve in a Child with Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome

Relationship Between Dermoscopic Capillary-Related Features of the Auricle and Earlobe and Rosacea Subtype and Disease Severity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Sensitive Scalp and Trichodynia: Epidemiology, Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

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