The trion as an exciton interacting with a carrier

Combescot, Monique; Betbeder‐Matibet, O.

doi:10.1016/s0038-1098(03)00103-0

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, starting from very low concentrations of free electrons in the quantum well, a bound trion (negatively charged exciton) state [11][12][13][14] is observed in experiments [6][7][8][9][10] . The present article will not be concerned with properties related to the trion state, but its existence provides another channel for exciton-electron interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of free carriers on exciton ground states in quantum wells

Klochikhin¹,

Кочерешко

Tatarenko

2014

Journal of Luminescence

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The influence of free carriers on the ground state of the exciton at zero magnetic field in a quasi-two-dimensional quantum well doped with electrons is considered in the framework of the random phase approximation. The effects of the exciton-charge-density interaction and the inelastic scattering processes due to the Hartree-Fock electron-electron exchange interaction are taken into account. The effect of phase-space filling is considered using an approximate approach. The results of the calculation are compared with the experimental data available.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of free carriers on exciton ground states in quantum wells

Klochikhin¹,

Кочерешко

Tatarenko

2014

Journal of Luminescence

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“…The above state includes a hole left behind in the Fermi sea when an electron with momentum p was scattered out of the Fermi sea by the photogenerated exciton to form a trion [9][10][11][12]29]. Here, N tr equals…”

Section: The Nature Of Trions and Exciton-trion-polaritons: A Compari...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various bosonic trion-hole states (assuming an electron-doped material) have been proposed in the literature as an alternative to the fermionic trion states [9][10][11][12][13]. These trion-hole states, in addition to the trion, consist of a hole in the Fermi sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These trion-hole states, in addition to the trion, consist of a hole in the Fermi sea. This Fermi hole is created when an electron is scattered out of the Fermi sea by a photogenerated exciton to form a trion [9][10][11][12][13]. Although trion-hole states enjoyed some success in explaining the optical absorption spectra of 2D materials, they fail to describe coherent polaritons involving trions and lead to incorrect results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Structure and Dispersion of Exciton-Trion-Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Materials: Experiments and Theory

Koksal,

Jung,

Manolatou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The nature of trions and their interaction with light has remained a puzzle. The composition and dispersion of polaritons involving trions provide insights into this puzzle. Trions and excitons in doped two-dimensional (2D) materials are not independent excitations but are strongly coupled as a result of Coulomb interactions. When excitons in doped 2D materials are also strongly coupled with light inside an optical waveguide, the resulting polariton states are coherent superpositions of exciton, trion, and photon states. We realize these exciton-trion-polaritons by coupling an electrondoped monolayer of two-dimensional material MoSe2 to the optical mode in a photonic crystal waveguide. Our theoretical model, based on a many-body description of these polaritons, reproduces the measured polariton energy band dispersion and Rabi splittings with excellent accuracy. Our work sheds light on the structure of trion states in 2D matrials and also on the indirect mechanism by which they interact with light.

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“…We now outline how the above understanding follows from the coboson many-body formalism. The key hinges on the description of trion as an exciton interacting with an electron [22,[29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Pacs Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Way to observe the implausible “trion-polariton”

Shiau

Combescot

Chang

2017

EPL

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Using the composite boson (coboson) many-body formalism, we determine under which conditions "trion-polariton" can exist. Dipolar attraction can bind an exciton and an electron into a trion having an energy well separated from the exciton energy. Yet, the existence of long-lived "trionpolariton" is a priori implausible not only because the photon-trion coupling, which scales as the inverse of the sample volume, is vanishingly small, but mostly because this coupling is intrinsically "weak". Here, we show that a moderately dense Fermi sea renders its observation possible: on the pro side, the Fermi sea overcomes the weak coupling by pinning the photon to its momentum through Pauli blocking; it also overcomes the dramatically poor photon-trion coupling by providing a volume-linear trion subspace to which the photon is coherently coupled. On the con side, the Fermi sea broadens the photon-trion resonance due to the fermionic nature of trions and electrons; it also weakens the trion binding by blocking electronic states relevant for trion formation. As a result, the proper way to observe this novel polariton is to use doped semiconductor having long-lived electronic states, highly-bound trion and Fermi energy as large as a fraction of the trion binding energy. PACS numbers:Exciton-polaritons have recently attracted very much attention because of claimed observations of BoseEinstein condensation [1][2][3][4]. When the coupling between a photon and an exciton is strong, exciton-polaritons [5,6] are formed. By contrast, when this coupling is weak, photons are absorbed. In the former case, the exciton lifetime is long compared to the Rabi oscillation period and the Q exciton recombines into the same Q photon (see Fig. 1(a)). When it is short, the exciton changes momentum before recombination occurs and the initial photon Q cannot be re-emitted; it gets absorbed along the Fermi golden rule, the small exciton lifetime producing a broadening of the exciton discrete level, which plays the role of a continuum [7].We here consider another semiconductor bound state, the trion, and determine under which conditions this composite fermion can strongly couple to photon to form a polariton. Many objections lead us to first reject the idea: (i) the trion coupling to photon is intrinsically weak because the emitted photon can have a momentum different from its initial value, even when the trion lifetime is long; (ii) the photon-trion coupling is vanishingly small because it scales as the inverse of the sample volume; (iii) an increase of the number of electrons available for pairing broadens the photon-trion resonance due to the fermionic nature of trions and electrons; (iv) it also reduces the trion binding by Coulomb screening and by Pauli blocking the electronic states relevant to the formation of bound trion. Despite all these objections, we will show that there exists a narrow window in which "trion-polariton" can be formed.Semiconductor trions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] are made of two conduction-electrons and one valence-hole, ...

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The trion as an exciton interacting with a carrier

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of free carriers on exciton ground states in quantum wells

Influence of free carriers on exciton ground states in quantum wells

The Structure and Dispersion of Exciton-Trion-Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Materials: Experiments and Theory

Way to observe the implausible “trion-polariton”

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