The type database at Göttingen (GOET) — a virtual herbarium online

Schmull, Michaela; Heinrichs, Jochen; Baier, Roland; Ullrich, Dagmar; Wagenitz, Gerhard; Groth, Henk; Hourticolon, Sibylle; Gradstein, S. Robbert

doi:10.1002/tax.541001

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Taxonomists are often able to use digitized collections to identify and annotate specimens. In addition, digitizing specimens reduces handling and potential damage to specimens (Schmull et al, 2005), which is particularly important for rare and special specimens including type specimens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Digitizing specimens in a small herbarium: A viable workflow for collections working with limited resources

Harris

Marsico

2017

Appl Plant Sci

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Premise of the study:Small herbaria represent a significant portion of herbaria in the United States, but many are not digitizing their collections.Methods:At the Arkansas State University Herbarium (STAR), we have created a viable workflow to help small herbaria begin the digitization process, including suggestions for publishing data on the Internet. We calculated hourly rates of each phase of the digitization process. We also mapped accessions at the county level to determine geographic strengths in the collection.Results:All 17,678 accessioned flowering plant specimens at STAR are imaged, databased in Specify, and available electronically on the herbarium’s website. Students imaged the specimens at a mean rate of 145/h. We found differences in databasing rates between the graduate student leading the project (47/h) and undergraduate assistants (25/h). The majority of specimens at STAR were collected within the counties neighboring the institution.Discussion:With this workflow, we estimate that one person can digitize a 20,000-specimen collection in less than 2.5 yr by working only 10 h/wk. Because STAR is a small herbarium with limited resources, the application of the workflow described should assist curators of similar-sized collections as they contemplate and undertake the digitization process.

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confidence: 99%

Digitizing specimens in a small herbarium: A viable workflow for collections working with limited resources

Harris

Marsico

2017

Appl Plant Sci

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“…Recentemente os Herbários começaram a disponibilizar fotos e informações sobre suas coleções on-line. Esta prática reduziu o envio de material somente para aqueles casos em que é estritamente necessário (SCHMULL et al, 2005). A informatização também pode auxiliar o intercambio de modo a agilizar este processo, podendo diminuir o uso dos correios, diminuindo danificação do material ou a perda dos pacotes durante o envio, pois este processo é demorado e pouco seguro como diz PEIXOTO et al, (2006).…”

Section: Número De Espécimesunclassified

Checklist Das Espécies De Angiospermas Doadas Sob Acervo, Na Coleção Botânica Do Laboratório De Biologia Vegetal, Da Universidade Estadual Do Maranhão

Queirós¹,

Conceição²,

Nascimento³

2014

Agrarian Academy

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RESUMO Os herbários são coleções de plantas secas que documentam a diversidade vegetal de determinada região ou país. Além de indispensáveis para estudos de sistemática de plantas os herbários também funcionam como ferramentas de apoio à pesquisa para muitas outras áreas do conhecimento. Atualmente o Index Herbariorum lista para o mundo aproximadamente 3.400 herbários, sendo 121 o número herbários ativos no Brasil e três no estado do Maranhão. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos realizar um levantamento de espécimes oriundos de intercâmbio acervados no Herbário Professor Aluízio Bittencourt, do Centro de Estudos Superiores de Caxias, da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão. Os dados foram obtidos mediante revisão do acervo levantando-se o local de origem, família, gênero e espécie de cada espécime depositado no Herbário. Dos 4.135 espécimes acervados, 645 são provenientes de doações, estando distribuídos em 90 famílias, 223 gêneros e 391 espécies. O presente resultado reflete a importância da atividade de intercâmbio para a ampliação e aprimoramento das coleções botânicas.

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“…Biological collection institutions have made digital images of important museum and herbarium specimens available on the web. Not only have herbaria been offering high-resolution images of their holdings through their portals since at least the 1990s, but online images have also been used in other venues, such as regional digital flora projects (mac-Rander & Haynes, 1990;Wolf & Holland, 2000;Davies & al., 2002;Schaub & Dunn, 2002;Pankhurst, 2004;Schmull & al., 2005). There are ongoing investments being made to scan most botanical type collections and put them online (e.g., Aluka: API and LAPI; http://plants.jstor.org/, http://aluka.ithaka.org/ plants/index.html; morphbank, http://www.morphbank.net; Smith, 2004;Guthrie & Nygren, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐automated workflows for acquiring specimen data from label images in herbarium collections

Cerda

Beach

2010

TAXON

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Computational workflow environments are an active area of computer science and informatics research; they promise to be effective for automating biological information processing for increasing research efficiency and impact. In this project, semi‐automated data processing workflows were developed to test the efficiency of computerizing information contained in herbarium plant specimen labels. Our test sample consisted of mexican and Central American plant specimens held in the University of michigan Herbarium (MICH). The initial data acquisition process consisted of two parts: (1) the capture of digital images of specimen labels and of full‐specimen herbarium sheets, and (2) creation of a minimal field database, or "pre‐catalog", of records that contain only information necessary to uniquely identify specimens. For entering "pre‐catalog" data, two methods were tested: key‐stroking the information (a) from the specimen labels directly, or (b) from digital images of specimen labels. In a second step, locality and latitude/longitude data fields were filled in if the values were present on the labels or images. If values were not available, geo‐coordinates were assigned based on further analysis of the descriptive locality information on the label. Time and effort for the various steps were measured and recorded. Our analysis demonstrates a clear efficiency benefit of articulating a biological specimen data acquisition workflow into discrete steps, which in turn could be individually optimized. First, we separated the step of capturing data from the specimen from most keystroke data entry tasks. We did this by capturing a digital image of the specimen for the first step, and also by limiting initial key‐stroking of data to create only a minimal "pre‐catalog" database for the latter tasks. By doing this, specimen handling logistics were streamlined to minimize staff time and cost. Second, by then obtaining most of the specimen data from the label images, the more intellectually challenging task of label data interpretation could be moved electronically out of the herbarium to the location of more highly trained specialists for greater efficiency and accuracy. This project used experts in the plants' country of origin, mexico, to verify localities, geography, and to derive geo‐coordinates. Third, with careful choice of data fields for the "pre‐catalog" database, specimen image files linked to the minimal tracking records could be sorted by collector and date of collection to minimize key‐stroking of redundant data in a continuous series of labels, resulting in improved data entry efficiency and data quality.

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The type database at Göttingen (GOET) — a virtual herbarium online

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Digitizing specimens in a small herbarium: A viable workflow for collections working with limited resources

Digitizing specimens in a small herbarium: A viable workflow for collections working with limited resources

Checklist Das Espécies De Angiospermas Doadas Sob Acervo, Na Coleção Botânica Do Laboratório De Biologia Vegetal, Da Universidade Estadual Do Maranhão

Semi‐automated workflows for acquiring specimen data from label images in herbarium collections

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