The Tyrosinase-Encoding Gene of<i>Lentinula edodes</i>,<i>Letyr</i>, Is Abundantly Expressed in the Gills of the Fruit-Body during Post-Harvest Preservation

Sato, Toshitsugu; Kanda, Katsuhiro; Okawa, Kumiko; Takahashi, Machiko; Watanabe, Hisayuki; Hirano, Takeshi; Yaegashi, Kaori; Sakamoto, Yuichi; Uchimiya, Hirofumi

doi:10.1271/bbb.80810

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We previously identified tyrosinase and laccase (22)(23)(24)(25) as involved in melanin synthesis in the Lentinula edodes fruiting body after harvest. The putative phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) that produces several phenolic compounds (60) for pigment synthesis was upregulated after harvest.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lentinula edodes Genome Survey and Postharvest Transcriptome Analysis

Sakamoto

Nakade

Sato

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Lentinula edodes is a popular, cultivated edible and medicinal mushroom. Lentinula edodes is susceptible to postharvest problems, such as gill browning, fruiting body softening, and lentinan degradation. We constructed a de novo assembly draft genome sequence and performed gene prediction for Lentinula edodes. De novo assembly was carried out using short reads from paired-end and mate-paired libraries and by using long reads by PacBio, resulting in a contig number of 1,951 and an N 50 of 1 Mb. Furthermore, we predicted genes by Augustus using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) data from the whole life cycle of Lentinula edodes, resulting in 12,959 predicted genes. This analysis revealed that Lentinula edodes lacks lignin peroxidase. To reveal genes involved in the loss of quality of Lentinula edodes postharvest fruiting bodies, transcriptome analysis was carried out using serial analysis of gene expression (SuperSAGE). This analysis revealed that many cell wall-related enzymes are upregulated after harvest, such as ␤-1,3-1,6-glucan-degrading enzymes in glycoside hydrolase (GH) families GH5, GH16, GH30, GH55, and GH128, and thaumatin-like proteins. In addition, we found that several chitin-related genes are upregulated, such as putative chitinases in GH family 18, exochitinases in GH20, and a putative chitosanase in GH family 75. The results suggest that cell wall-degrading enzymes synergistically cooperate for rapid fruiting body autolysis. Many putative transcription factor genes were upregulated postharvest, such as genes containing high-mobility-group (HMG) domains and zinc finger domains. Several cell deathrelated proteins were also upregulated postharvest.IMPORTANCE Our data collectively suggest that there is a rapid fruiting body autolysis system in Lentinula edodes. The genes for the loss of postharvest quality newly found in this research will be targets for the future breeding of strains that keep fresh longer than present strains. De novo Lentinula edodes genome assembly data will be used for the construction of a complete Lentinula edodes chromosome map for future breeding.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies turn brown owing to melanin synthesis and turn soft because of cell wall degradation. Melanin synthesis occurs from the increases in tyrosinase (22,23) and laccase (24,25) after harvest. Cell wall degradation is another significant postharvest issue in Lentinula edodes.…”

Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Lentinula edodes Genome Survey and Postharvest Transcriptome Analysis

Sakamoto

Nakade

Sato

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The tobacco BY-2 cell line is the most popular suspension cell line in plant research and its rapid growth characteristics make it an ideal experimental material20. We produced transgenic tobacco BY2 cells expressing tyrosinase from shiitake mushroom ( Lentinula edodes , LeTYR )21 and/or MjDOD from the four-o'clock plant ( Mirabilis jalapa )22 under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (35Sp). Calli expressing both 35Sp-LeTYR and 35Sp-MjDOD showed bright yellow coloration (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic engineering of yellow betalain pigments beyond the species barrier

Nakatsuka

Yamada

Takahashi

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

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Betalains are one of the major plant pigment groups found in some higher plants and higher fungi. They are not produced naturally in any plant species outside of the order Caryophyllales, nor are they produced by anthocyanin-accumulating Caryophyllales. Here, we attempted to reconstruct the betalain biosynthetic pathway as a self-contained system in an anthocyanin-producing plant species. The combined expressions of a tyrosinase gene from shiitake mushroom and a DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase gene from the four-o'clock plant resulted in successful betalain production in cultured cells of tobacco BY2 and Arabidopsis T87. Transgenic tobacco BY2 cells were bright yellow because of the accumulation of betaxanthins. LC-TOF-MS analyses showed that proline-betaxanthin (Pro-Bx) accumulated as the major betaxanthin in these transgenic BY2 cells. Transgenic Arabidopsis T87 cells also produced betaxanthins, but produced lower levels than transgenic BY2 cells. These results illustrate the success of a novel genetic engineering strategy for betalain biosynthesis.

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“…The gene encoding LeTyr (Letyr) was isolated, and anti-serum was synthesized to LeTyr . Sato et al, (2009) showed that LeTyr increased after harvest, suggesting that LeTyr catalyzes DOPA synthesis for melanin formation after harvest in L. edodes. Letyr is the only Tyr encoding gene in L. edodes ).…”

Section: Tyr Involvement In Gill Browning After Harvestmentioning

confidence: 97%