The U.S. Carbon Budget: Contributions from Land-Use Change

Houghton, Richard A.; Hackler, J. L.; Lawrence, K. T.

doi:10.1126/science.285.5427.574

Cited by 954 publications

(698 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For example, U.S. forests were carbon sources from 1700 to 1945. Since then, fire suppression and forest renewal in abandoned farmland have reversed the trend and forests have become carbon sinks (Houghton et al, 1999). Woodbury et al (2007) found that total U.S. carbon stocks had increased since 1990 and were expected to continue increasing through 2010.…”

Section: Forest Management and Carbon Sequestration During The Last Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Carbon Sequestration: The Impact of Forest Management

Bravo

Rı́o

Bravo‐Oviedo

et al. 2017

Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change

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Section: Forest Management and Carbon Sequestration During The Last Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Carbon Sequestration: The Impact of Forest Management

Bravo

Rı́o

Bravo‐Oviedo

et al. 2017

Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change

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“…The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report indicates that the global average temperature has risen by 0.74 over the past 100 years ℃ , with a warming rate of 0.13 / ℃ decade in the most recent 50 years (IPCC, 2007). An emerging body of literature suggests that climate change has a pronounced impact on global terrestrial NPP (Houghton et al, 1999;Houghton, 2002;Nemani et al, 2002). A precise understanding of the driving mechanisms of climate change on NPP variability has important theoretical and practical implications for evaluating the environmental quality of terrestrial ecosystems, regulating the ecological process, and estimating the terrestrial carbon sink (Friend et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change on net primary productivity in arid and semiarid regions of China

Wang

et al. 2015

Chin. Geogr. Sci.

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Abstract:In recent years, with the constant change in the global climate, the effect of climate factors on net primary productivity (NPP) has become a hot research topic. However, two opposing views have been presented in this research area: global NPP increases with global warming, and global NPP decreases with global warming. The main reasons for these two opposite results are the tremendous differences among seasonal and annual climate variables, and the growth of plants in accordance with these climate variables. Therefore, it will fail to fully clarify the relation between vegetation growth and climate changes by research that relies solely on annual data. With seasonal climate variables, we may clarify the relation between vegetation growth and climate changes more accurately. Our research examined the arid and semiarid areas in China (ASAC), which account for one quarter of the total area of China. The ecological environment of these areas is fragile and easily affected by human activities. We analyzed the influence of climate changes, especially the changes in seasonal climate variables, on NPP, with Climatic Research Unit (CRU) climatic data and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite remote data, for the years 2000-2010. The results indicate that: for annual climatic data, the percentage of the ASAC in which NPP is positively correlated with temperature is 66.11%, and 91.47% of the ASAC demonstrates a positive correlation between NPP and precipitation. Precipitation is more positively correlated with NPP than temperature in the ASAC. For seasonal climatic data, the correlation between NPP and spring temperature shows significant regional differences. Positive correlation areas are concentrated in the eastern portion of the ASAC, while the western section of the ASAC generally shows a negative correlation. However, in summer, most areas in the ASAC show a negative correlation between NPP and temperature. In autumn, precipitation is less important in the west, as opposed to the east, in which it is critically important. Temperatures in winter are a limiting factor for NPP throughout the region. The findings of this research not only underline the importance of seasonal climate variables for vegetation growth, but also suggest that the effects of seasonal climate variables on NPP should be explored further in related research in the future. Keywords: climate change; net primary productivity (NPP); annual/seasonal variability; trend analysis; arid/semiarid regions of China (ASAC) Citation: Wang Hao, Liu Guohua, Li Zongshan, Ye Xin, Wang Meng, Gong Li, 2016. Impacts of climate change on net primary productivity in arid and semiarid regions of China.

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“…It is often implicitly assumed that the SOC that is lost is released to the atmosphere [DeFries et al, 1999;Houghton et al, 1999;Hurtt et al, 2002]. In fact, in addition to the atmospheric pathway, erosion can also contribute to SOC loss from uplands [Slater and Carleton, 1938;Webber, 1964;Tiessen et al, 1982;Geng and Coote, 1991;Cihacek and Swan, 1994;Lal, 1995;Harden et al, 1999].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling carbon dynamics in vegetation and soil under the impact of soil erosion and deposition

Liu

Bliss

Sundquist

et al. 2003

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

224

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[1] Soil erosion and deposition may play important roles in balancing the global atmospheric carbon budget through their impacts on the net exchange of carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Few models and studies have been designed to assess these impacts. In this study, we developed a general ecosystem model, ErosionDeposition-Carbon-Model (EDCM), to dynamically simulate the influences of rainfallinduced soil erosion and deposition on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in soil profiles. EDCM was applied to several landscape positions in the Nelson Farm watershed in Mississippi, including ridge top (without erosion or deposition), eroding hillslopes, and depositional sites that had been converted from native forests to croplands in 1870. Erosion reduced the SOC storage at the eroding sites and deposition increased the SOC storage at the depositional areas compared with the site without erosion or deposition. Results indicated that soils were consistently carbon sources to the atmosphere at all landscape positions from 1870 to 1950, with lowest source strength at the eroding sites (13 to 24 gC m À2 yr À1 ), intermediate at the ridge top (34 gC m À2 yr À1 ), and highest at the depositional sites (42 to 49 gC m À2 yr À1 ). During this period, erosion reduced carbon emissions via dynamically replacing surface soil with subsurface soil that had lower SOC contents (quantity change) and higher passive SOC fractions (quality change). Soils at all landscape positions became carbon sinks from 1950 to 1997 due to changes in management practices (e.g., intensification of fertilization and crop genetic improvement). The sink strengths were highest at the eroding sites (42 to 44 gC m À2 yr À1 ), intermediate at the ridge top (35 gC m À2 yr À1 ), and lowest at the depositional sites (26 to 29 gC m À2 yr À1 ). During this period, erosion enhanced carbon uptake at the eroding sites by continuously taking away a fraction of SOC that can be replenished with enhanced plant residue input. Overall, soil erosion and deposition reduced CO 2 emissions from the soil into the atmosphere by exposing low carbon-bearing soil at eroding sites and by burying SOC at depositional sites. The results suggest that failing to account for the impact of soil erosion and deposition may potentially contribute to an overestimation of both the total historical carbon released from soils owing to land use change and the contemporary carbon sequestration rates at the eroding sites.

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The U.S. Carbon Budget: Contributions from Land-Use Change

Cited by 954 publications

References 34 publications

Forest Carbon Sequestration: The Impact of Forest Management

Forest Carbon Sequestration: The Impact of Forest Management

Impacts of climate change on net primary productivity in arid and semiarid regions of China

Modeling carbon dynamics in vegetation and soil under the impact of soil erosion and deposition

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