The U.S. Software Industry as an Engine for Economic Growth and Employment

Shapiro, Robert J.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2541673

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, in 2018, the US software industry contributed US$836 billion to the country's gross domestic product (GDP). Shapiro (2014) found that relative performance of the software industry, compared to the overall economy, had an impressive growth of 130.4% faster than the rest of the economy. Over the last 15 years the software industry's economic footprint expanded by more than 50% with an increase in employment by nearly 65%, from 1.4 million workers in 1997 to 2.3 million workers in 2012 (Shapiro, 2014).…”

Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intellectual capital and firm efficiency of US multinational software firms

Nkambule

Wang

Ting

et al. 2021

JIC

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PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the impact of intellectual capital efficiency on US multinational software companies' performance from 2012 to 2016 by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA).Design/methodology/approachIt adopts a new slacks-based measure (SBM) to obtain a more accurate performance estimation and rank between companies. Regression analysis is used to test the overall IC and each of its elements (Human Capital, Innovation Capital, Process Capital and Customer Capital).FindingsThe univariate result shows that multinational companies are more efficient than non-multinational companies. However, the regression result shows that multinationality can hardly explain the firm efficiency of software firms. Another interesting finding is that intellectual capital has a positive and significant impact on software firm performance in the US human capital influences firm efficiency directly. However, when human capital is combined with the other elements of IC, the contribution of human capital becomes less significant. This is because people may think that innovation capital, process capital and customer capital can replace human capital, but it is not. In short, human capital may affect firm efficiency through other elements of IC (innovation capital, process capital and customer capital) as it is the base of other elements.Research limitations/implicationsThe results show that multinational companies have higher efficiency scores than non-multinational companies. In addition, Intellectual capital has a positive and significant impact on software firm performance in the US human capital influences firm efficiency directly. However, when human capital is combined with the other elements of IC, the contribution of human capital becomes less significant. This is because people may think that innovation capital, process capital and customer capital can replace human capital, but it is not. In short, human capital may affect firm efficiency through other elements of IC (innovation capital, process capital and customer capital) as it is the base of other elements.Practical implicationsOverall, the study highlights the needs of having intellectual capital and its elements (Human Capital, Innovation Capital, Process Capital and Customer Capital) to increase firm efficiency.Originality/valueFirst, the authors use a more comprehensive elements of IC, which are human capital, innovation capital, process capital and customer capital for a better IC measurement. Second, this study makes the first attempt using the DSBM model via DEA to examine the operating efficiency of US multinational software firms.

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Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intellectual capital and firm efficiency of US multinational software firms

Nkambule

Wang

Ting

et al. 2021

JIC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Both training and mentoring/coaching are integral to the success of the lean practices program at Wipro (Staats, Brunner & Upton, 2011).…”

Section: Training and Coachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean Accounting Comes to Lean Software Development

Stone

2017

SSRN Journal

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“…This growth outpaced the rest of the economy, the software industry's direct share of U.S. Gross Domestic Product increased from 1.7% to 2.6% [2]. This growth was also reflected in Mexico where software companies hired thousands of new professionals until 2017, as reported in [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profession‐centric measures and indicators for occupational stress: An empirical study with novice software developers in Mexico

et al. 2022

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Occupational stress refers to job-related uneasiness and anxiety, which affect people's emotional or physical health. Although occupational stress has been studied in several industries, it has remained largely unexplored in software developers, particularly in emerging economies such as Mexico. In this work, we propose a set of measures for supporting the assessment of occupational stress in software developers, which concurs with the types of tasks performed by software developers daily. For this, we first identified several stressors found in the literature. Then, we carried out 10 semi-structured interviews with novice software developers to further understand stressors at the workplace. Afterwards, we conducted a study with 30 novice software developers for associating stress with workplace measures. From our work, we identified the workload, mental work fatigue, and work distraction as relevant measures associated with a certain level of stress in software developers. Our results suggest that some indicators can be used to monitor measures that are associated with occupational stress in software developers. | INTRODUCTIONThe software industry in Mexico has been growing steadily for the last two decades. It has several strengths, which make it attractive for investment in the global market. According to A. T. Kearney, a global consulting firm, Mexico ranks 8th for providing information technology services worldwide [1]. In the U.S. from 1997 to 2012, software industry production grew from $149 billion to $425 billion USD. This growth outpaced the rest of the economy, the software industry's direct share of U.S. Gross Domestic Product increased from 1.7% to 2.6% [2]. This growth was also reflected in Mexico where software companies hired thousands of new professionals until 2017, as reported in [3]. Several news reports have dubbed the city of Guadalajara as the Mexican Silicon Valley [4][5][6][7]. However, Mexico tops the world ranking in occupational stress, above China and the U.S. [8]. Symptoms of occupational stress are physical and psychological for the worker and are present at the organizational level. Workers can present cardiovascular and muscular disorders, increased blood pressure, insomnia, lack of appetite, flu, chronic pain, rheumatoid arthritis, etc., among others. They can also present psychological symptoms such as excessive worrying, anxiety, anger, frustration, inability to make decisions, mental blockage, bad mood, frequent forgetfulness, drug and alcohol addictions, depression, low self-esteem, and deterioration of interpersonal relationships. Regarding the organization level, the symptoms are decreased performance and productivity, absenteeism, increased costs due to illness, high job turnover, lack of cooperation between colleagues, higher rate of errors, accidents, and incidents [9].Software developers, in particular, show at least one symptom of occupational stress, and at least 60% of them have high levels of stress [10]. Thus, there are psycho-social risks associated with software ...

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The U.S. Software Industry as an Engine for Economic Growth and Employment

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Intellectual capital and firm efficiency of US multinational software firms

Intellectual capital and firm efficiency of US multinational software firms

Lean Accounting Comes to Lean Software Development

Profession‐centric measures and indicators for occupational stress: An empirical study with novice software developers in Mexico

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