The U-shaped relationship between parental age and the risk of bipolar disorder in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Fico, Giovanna; Oliva, Vincenzo; Prisco, Michele De; Giménez‐Palomo, Anna; Sagué-Vilavella, María; Gomes‐da‐Costa, Susana; Garriga, Marina; Solé, Eva; Valentí, Marc; Fanelli, Giuseppe; Serretti, Alessandro; Fornaro, Michele; Carvalho, André F.; Vieta, Eduard

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.05.004

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The present findings also are consistent with previous reports of higher rates of substance abuse 15,27–31,35,38,40,41 as well as suicidal behavior 14–16,25,26,28,29,35,39,41–43 in early‐onset BD and MDD. An uncommon finding is the association of earlier OA with older maternal age at the time of the subject's birth and a weaker tendency toward older fathers, as has been noted previously 71 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…An uncommon finding is the association of earlier OA with older maternal age at the time of the subject's birth and a weaker tendency toward older fathers, as has been noted previously. 71 Other factors were associated with later OA (Tables 1 and 2). The higher proportion of women may represent a trait, whereas greater likelihood of marriage and of more children, higher education and more employment may reflect the availability of more time to reach important personal accomplishments before the onset of illness as well as adverse effects of early illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with onset‐age in major affective disorders

Miola

Tondo

Salvatore

et al. 2022

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Background Research findings on factors associated with onset‐age (OA) with bipolar (BD) and major depressive disorders (MDD) have been inconsistent, but often indicate greater morbidity following early OA. Methods We considered factors associated with OA in 1033 carefully evaluated, systematically followed mood disorder subjects with DSM‐5 BD (n = 505) or MDD (n = 528), comparing rates of descriptive and clinical characteristics following early (age <18), intermediate (18–40), or later onset (≥40 years), as well as regressing selected measures versus OA. Exposure time (years ill) was matched among these subgroups. Results As hypothesized, many features were associated with early OA: familial psychiatric illness, including BD, greater maternal age, early sexual abuse, nondepressive first episodes, co‐occurring ADHD, suicide attempts and violent suicidal behavior, abuse of alcohol or drugs, smoking, and unemployment. Other features increased consistently with later OA: %‐time‐depressed (in BD and MDD, women and men), as well as depressions/year and intake ratings of depression, educational levels, co‐occurring medical disorders, rates of marriage and number of children. Conclusions OA averaged 7.5 years earlier in BD versus MDD (30.7 vs. 38.2). Some OA‐associated measures may reflect maturation. Associations with family history and suicidal risk with earlier OA were expected; increases of time‐depressed in both BD and MDD with later OA were not. We conclude that associations of OA with later morbidity are complex and not unidirectional but may be clinically useful.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with onset‐age in major affective disorders

Miola

Tondo

Salvatore

et al. 2022

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…118,119 Thus, paternal age shows an inverted U-shape relation with neurodevelopment and psychiatric disorders, with the offspring of younger and older fathers at a disadvantage. 115,118,119 By contrast, Frans et al found that an old grandmother's age increased the risk of schizophrenia in a grandchild but not the grandfather's age. 120 In addition, several large studies have evaluated the risk of leukemia and cancers in the offspring of fathers with advanced age, indicating an increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia 116,117 but no protective effect on the risk of acute myeloid leukemia, 117,121 and decreased risk of cancers of the female genitalia as well as cancers of the respiratory and intrathoracic organs in offspring.…”

Section: Paternal Agementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Thereafter, a series of studies demonstrate an association of advanced paternal age (>50 years) at conception with infertility and adverse outcomes, which is less pronounced as compared to the effect of advanced maternal age showing increased risks of prolonged time to pregnancy, infertility, spontaneous abortions, and trisomy (>35 years), and risks of preterm births and stillbirths (>40 years) 109 . More recently, an association with the risk of more common disorders, diabetes mellitus, 110 obesity, 111 birth defects including musculoskeletal anomalies, psychiatric disorders like autism, schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, and childhood cancer in offspring is increasing with advanced paternal age, particularly when they are 50 years or older 83,112–117 . In a large cohort study in Swedish, with every 10‐year increase in paternal age at the time of conception, the risk of an offspring having schizophrenia increased by 1.47 times, while offspring with younger fathers (<21 years) were also at a higher risk of schizophrenia and attention‐problems compared to the fathers aged 21–24 years at the time of conception 118,119 .…”

Section: Paternal Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental origins of health and disease: Impact of paternal nutrition and lifestyle

Shi

2023

Pediatric Investigation

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Most epidemiological and experimental studies have focused on maternal influences on offspring's health. The impact of maternal undernutrition, overnutrition, hypoxia, and stress is linked to adverse offspring outcomes across a range of systems including cardiometabolic, respiratory, endocrine, and reproduction among others. During the past decade, it has become evident that paternal environmental factors are also linked to the development of diseases in offspring. In this article, we aim to outline the current understanding of the impact of male health and environmental exposure on offspring development, health, and disease and explore the mechanisms underlying the paternal programming of offspring health. The available evidence suggests that poor paternal pre‐conceptional nutrition and lifestyle, and advanced age can increase the risk of negative outcomes in offspring, via both direct (genetic/epigenetic) and indirect (maternal uterine environment) effects. Beginning at preconception, and during utero and the early life after birth, cells acquire an epigenetic memory of the early exposure which can be influential across the entire lifespan and program a child's health. Potentially not only mothers but also fathers should be advised that maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle is important to improve offspring health as well as the parental health status. However, the evidence is mostly based on animal studies, and well‐designed human studies are urgently needed to verify findings from animal data.

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Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of people with oldest older age bipolar disorder in a global sample: Results from the global aging and geriatric experiments in bipolar disorder project

Chen,

Sajatovic,

Briggs

et al. 2024

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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ObjectsStudies of older age bipolar disorder (OABD) have mostly focused on “younger old” individuals. Little is known about the oldest OABD (OOABD) individuals aged ≥70 years old. The Global Aging and Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder (GAGE‐BD) project provides an opportunity to evaluate the OOABD group to understand their characteristics compared to younger groups.MethodsWe conducted cross‐sectional analyses of the GAGE‐BD database, an integrated, harmonized dataset from 19 international studies. We compared the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of those aged <50 (YABD, n = 184), 50–69 (OABD, n = 881), and ≥70 (OOABD, n = 304). To standardize the comparisons between age categories and all characteristics, we used multinomial logistic regression models with age category as the dependent variable, with each characteristic as the independent variable, and clustering of standard errors to account for the correlation between observations from each of the studies.ResultsOOABD and OABD had lower severity of manic symptoms (Mean YMRS = 3.3, 3.8 respectively) than YABD (YMRS = 7.6), and lower depressive symptoms (% of absent = 65.4%, and 59.5% respectively) than YABD (18.3%). OOABD and OABD had higher physical burden than YABD, especially in the cardiovascular domain (prevalence = 65% in OOABD, 41% in OABD and 17% in YABD); OOABD had the highest prevalence (56%) in the musculoskeletal domain (significantly differed from 39% in OABD and 31% in YABD which didn't differ from each other). Overall, OOABD had significant cumulative physical burden in numbers of domains (mean = 4) compared to both OABD (mean = 2) and YABD (mean = 1). OOABD had the lowest rates of suicidal thoughts (10%), which significantly differed from YABD (26%) though didn't differ from OABD (21%). Functional status was higher in both OOABD (GAF = 63) and OABD (GAF = 64), though only OABD had significantly higher function than YABD (GAF = 59).ConclusionsOOABD have unique features, suggesting that (1) OOABD individuals may be easier to manage psychiatrically, but require more attention to comorbid physical conditions; (2) OOABD is a survivor cohort associated with resilience despite high medical burden, warranting both qualitative and quantitative methods to better understand how to advance clinical care and ways to age successfully with BD.

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The U-shaped relationship between parental age and the risk of bipolar disorder in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 101 publications

Factors associated with onset‐age in major affective disorders

Factors associated with onset‐age in major affective disorders

Developmental origins of health and disease: Impact of paternal nutrition and lifestyle

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of people with oldest older age bipolar disorder in a global sample: Results from the global aging and geriatric experiments in bipolar disorder project

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