The ultrastructure of mouse articular cartilage: Collagen orientation and implications for tissue functionality. A polarised light and scanning electron microscope study and review.

Hughes, Lorna; Archer, CW; Gwynn, I. ap

doi:10.22203/ecm.v009a09

Cited by 127 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The depth distribution of birefringence was also studied with polarized microscopy because it is closely related to the density and orientation of collagen fibrils. [38][39][40][41] The birefringence of normal AC decreased from the articular surface but increased throughout the deep zone until it peaked in the tidemark. 42 However, for the AC samples collected from dogs with running training, the birefringence in both superficial and deep zones decreased almost a quarter compared with the controls.…”

Section: Ri Distribution With Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth-dependent refractive index of normal and early degenerated articular cartilage

Wang¹,

Wu²,

Kirk³

2013

J. Biomed. Opt

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Abstract. The depth distributions of refractive index (RI) in normal and early degenerated articular cartilage (AC) were measured and correlated to the pathological statuses. Utilizing a confocal microscope, the depth distribution of RI was determined with an interval of 50 μm from the articular surface and approximated as a smooth curve. The fluctuation of RI was quantified with a specially defined coefficient and the proteoglycan (PG) loss was quantified with histological images. The overall RI of the AC collected from the femoral condyles of mature sheep was 1.4444. Significant differences existed in the refractive indices of different cartilage samples or even in the different depths of the same sample. The RI of normal cartilage distributed as a regular ramp or arch curve with depth and peaked in the middle-deep zone. The cartilage samples detected with high PG losses were coupled with severe fluctuations of RI. The fluctuating level was increased with pathological progress. The coefficient of RI fluctuation can distinguish the normal cartilage from the initially degenerated one, which potentially provides an indicator to detect the pathological development of AC. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Ri Distribution With Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth-dependent refractive index of normal and early degenerated articular cartilage

Wang¹,

Wu²,

Kirk³

2013

J. Biomed. Opt

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“…The chondrocytes in the deep zone are well organized with the collagen fibers parallel to the chondrocyte columns and perpendicular to the articular surface. The ECM of the middle zone and deep zone (MDZ) is responsible for resisting compression [7,11]. In the growing cartilage, there exists a growth plate between the epiphysis and the metaphysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy reveals critical role of kinesin-1 in cartilage development

Xue

Duan

et al. 2017

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Abstract:We developed a multimodal nonlinear optical (NLO) microscope system by integrating stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), second harmonic generation (SHG) and twophoton excited fluorescence (TPEF) imaging. The system was used to study the morphological and biochemical characteristics of tibial cartilage in a kinesin-1 (Kif5b) knockout mouse model. The detailed structure of fibrillar collagen in the extracellular matrix of cartilage was visualized by the forward and backward SHG signals, while high resolution imaging of chondrocytes was achieved by capturing endogenous TPEF and SRS signals of the cells. The results demonstrate that collagen fibrils in the superficial surface of the articular cartilage decreased significantly in the absence of Kif5b. The distorted morphology along with accumulated intracellular collagen was observed in the Kif5b-deficient chondrocytes, indicating the critical roles of kinesin-1 in the chondrocyte morphogenesis and collagen secretion. The study shows that multimodal NLO imaging method is an effective approach to investigate early development of cartilage.

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“…Bright fi eld and fl uorescence microscopy are normally used to show the biochemical constituents of the cartilage tissue, for example collagen or glycosaminoglycans, while polarised light microscopy allows the organisation of collagen fi bres to be observed (Hughes et al, 2005;Rieppo et al, 2008;Rieppo et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of the collagen fibre network in tissue-engineered cartilage constructs in vivo. Engineered cartilage reorganises fibre network

Paetzold

Goepfert²,

Huber³

et al. 2012

eCM

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For long term durability of tissue-engineered cartilage implanted in vivo, the development of the collagen fi bre network orientation is essential as well as the distribution of collagen, since expanded chondrocytes are known to synthesise collagen type I. Typically, these properties differ strongly between native and tissue-engineered cartilage. Nonetheless, the clinical results of a pilot study with implanted tissue-engineered cartilage in pigs were surprisingly good. The purpose of this study was therefore to analyse if the structure and composition of the artifi cial cartilage tissue changes in the fi rst 52 weeks after implantation. Thus, collagen network orientation and collagen type distribution in tissue-engineered cartilage-carrier-constructs implanted in the knee joints of Göttinger minipigs for 2, 26 or 52 weeks have been further investigated by processing digitised microscopy images of histological sections. The comparison to native cartilage demonstrated that fibre orientation over the cartilage depth has a clear tendency towards native cartilage with increasing time of implantation. After 2 weeks, the collagen fi bres of the superfi cial zone were oriented parallel to the articular surface with little anisotropy present in the middle and deep zones. Overall, fi bre orientation and collagen distribution within the implants were less homogenous than in native cartilage tissue. Despite a relatively low number of specimens, the consistent observation of a continuous approximation to native tissue is very promising and suggests that it may not be necessary to engineer the perfect tissue for implantation but rather to provide an intermediate solution to help the body to heal itself. Keywords:Collagen fi bre organisation development in vivo; collagen distribution development in vivo; tissueengineered cartilage; cartilage implant; polarisation microscopy; digital image analysis

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The ultrastructure of mouse articular cartilage: Collagen orientation and implications for tissue functionality. A polarised light and scanning electron microscope study and review.

Cited by 127 publications

References 85 publications

Depth-dependent refractive index of normal and early degenerated articular cartilage

Depth-dependent refractive index of normal and early degenerated articular cartilage

Multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy reveals critical role of kinesin-1 in cartilage development

The development of the collagen fibre network in tissue-engineered cartilage constructs in vivo. Engineered cartilage reorganises fibre network

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