The Ultraviolet Irradiation of Model Compounds Related to Cellulose<sup>1</sup>

Beélik, Andrew; Hamilton, Julie

doi:10.1021/jo01070a071

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The chemical nature of the chromophores in cellulose has been studied utilizing reference model compounds since the 1960s (Beelik & Hamilton, 1961;Bos, 1972). The weak absorption bands in the 210-320 nm UV range were assigned to carbonyl and acetal groups as well as various impurities such as trace amounts of transition metal ions (Atalla & Nagel, 1972).…”

Section: Light Absorption In Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoactive polysaccharides

Wondraczek

Kotiaho

Fardim

et al. 2011

Carbohydrate Polymers

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a b s t r a c tLight is a non-invasive stimulus or probe, which retains more and more attention in science and technology. In the present review the reader is informed about the important issue of the interactions of polysaccharides and light. Considering some aspects of polysaccharide structure and properties, topics such as absorption and fluorescence of polysaccharides, the structural analysis using light as a probe, and creation of new materials by combining chromophores and polysaccharides are discussed. Attention is also be given to polysaccharide derivatives, where absorption of light induces structural changes, including photocrosslinking and photochromism.

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Section: Light Absorption In Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoactive polysaccharides

Wondraczek

Kotiaho

Fardim

et al. 2011

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…1,17,18 Materials simulating these pathways were prepared and tested in cell cultures. Oligomer preparations simulating chain scission of the CA polymer were extremely insoluble in aqueous media (Table I, first 4 compounds).…”

Section: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deacetylation, oxidation, or ring cleavage of cellulose acetate increases the aqueous solubility of the material. Because the CA dialysis material can produce a variety of degradation products under oxidative conditions, including chain scission, oxidation of pendant groups, ring cleavage as well as deacetylation, 17,18 CA resin was oxidized 1 and tested in vitro. This material was much more soluble and readily filterable when compared to the chain scission oligomers (Fig.…”

Section: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, none of the chain scission oligomers (those with low or no toxicity in vitro see Table I, first 4 compounds), nor the pure CA resin purchased from Aldrich generated any color when base was added. Previous studies of the oxidative degradation products of cellulose indicate that an acidic, pale yellow, water-soluble material is generated 18 and that oxidation generates alkali-labile products. 17 This evidence confirms that oxidation of the cellulose used in the dialysis membrane generated the toxic degradation products.…”

Section: Chemical Characterization Of the Oxidized Ca Resinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying toxic degradation products in cellulose acetate dialyzers

Lucas

Kalson

Hutter

et al. 2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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In September 1996, seven patients at Hospital A suffered conjunctivitis, hearing loss, diminished vision, and headaches 7-24 h after hemodialysis treatment. Eleven-year-old dialysis modules were identified as a common link between these patients. Degradation of the cellulose acetate (CA) material was identified as the cause of this incident. Degradation products were characterized from retrieved CA dialysis membranes. A series of synthesized CA degradation products was tested in vitro to assess toxicity. Based on the toxicity of the material preparations to the cells, animal tests were performed on selected CA degradation extracts and compared to extracts from actual dialysis membranes. Rabbits were IV-injected with extracts from a 13-year-old dialyzer, synthesized model compounds, and compared to controls. Ophthamological evaluation of the rabbits showed eye injury (iritis/ciliary flush) when the animals were treated with the old dialyzer or synthesized model compounds. Isolation and characterization of a toxic fraction from both of these extracts strongly indicated that oxidative stress at some point in the storage or manufacture of CA dialyzers created degradation products that reproduced some of the patient symptoms identified at Hospital A.

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“…This may be attributable to the introduction of adventitious impurities or oxidation of the polymer during processing. The main light-absorbing species are believed to be acetal, carbonyl, carboxyl groups, and metallic impurities (28,29,30,31). Because of the structural similarity, the UV absorption characteristics of hemicellulose should resemble those of cellulose.…”

Section: Effect Of Light On Discoloration Of Modern Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellowing of Modern Papers

Hon

1981

Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value II

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Paper in its applications must satisfy a number of criteria, and of these, permanence and durability are the most important ones. Unfortunately, modern papers produced from wood pulps contain a high quantity of vulnerable cellulose and hemicellulose that have been oxidized during the pulping processes. They are relatively unstable toward light, heat, moisture, air, and other environmental factors. In addition, because of the shortage and high cost of raw materials, modern "high-yield" papers contain oxidized cellulose and hemicellulose; they also incorporate a considerable amount of lignin and extraneous material from wood, which further impairs the paper quality-permanence and durability. In this chapter, discoloration or yellowing of modern papers as a consequence of the oxidative reactions of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin as well as color stabilization is reviewed. Suggestions for further research in color stabilization are made.

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The Ultraviolet Irradiation of Model Compounds Related to Cellulose¹

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Photoactive polysaccharides

Photoactive polysaccharides

Identifying toxic degradation products in cellulose acetate dialyzers

Yellowing of Modern Papers

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The Ultraviolet Irradiation of Model Compounds Related to Cellulose1

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Photoactive polysaccharides

Photoactive polysaccharides

Identifying toxic degradation products in cellulose acetate dialyzers

Yellowing of Modern Papers

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Product

Resources

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The Ultraviolet Irradiation of Model Compounds Related to Cellulose¹