The Uluzzian technology of Grotta di Fumane and its implication for reconstructing cultural dynamics in the Middle–Upper Palaeolithic transition of Western Eurasia

Peresani, Marco; Cristiani, Emanuela; Romandini, Matteo

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.10.012

Cited by 70 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…Assuming that exogenous populations of MHs introduced both the Uluzzian and the Protoaurignacian, radiometric data seem to indicate different migration routes. If the available dates converge to suggest a quasi-linear north-to-south diffusion of the Protoaurignacian (Palma di Cesnola, 2004b), a different and more complex model seems to apply to (Peresani, 2010(Peresani, , 2011Gennai, 2016;Peresani et al, 2013Peresani et al, , 2016 (Reimer et al, 2013). Raw dates and bibliographic references in Table 1 the Uluzzian.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution Stratigraphies and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithic techno-complexes in Italy from 50 to 39 thousand years BP: An overview of lithic technological changes across the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic boundary

Marciani

Ronchitelli

Arrighi

et al. 2020

Quaternary International

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Section: Geographical Distribution Stratigraphies and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithic techno-complexes in Italy from 50 to 39 thousand years BP: An overview of lithic technological changes across the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic boundary

Marciani

Ronchitelli

Arrighi

et al. 2020

Quaternary International

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“…Riparo Broion (layer 1g) (16)(17)(18)(19). Grotta di Fumane (layer A3) (20-21) (Modified after d 'Errico et al, 2012b;Peresani et al, 2016, Villa et al, 2018Peresani et al, 2019a). Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3, 21). Unlike the rest of the Uluzzian findings, the skeletal portions exploited at Fumane are exclusively ribs (Peresani et al, 2016). The awl was obtained by longitudinally incising and splitting a medium-large mammal bone and later shaping the distal end by scraping.…”

Section: The Uluzzianmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At Fumane the use of bone retouchers is documented also during the Uluzzian (Jéquier et al, 2012). 'Errico et al, 2012b;Peresani et al, 2016;Villa et al, 2018;Peresani et al, 2019a)…”

Section: The Uluzzianmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of a real rupture, marked by significant innovations in bone technology and typology, has been postulated by some authors for the Early Aurignacian, when the use of antler was introduced, and bone was also used to produce hunting weapons like the split-based points (Tejero, 2014;Tejero and Grimaldi, 2015). Conversely, bone manufacturing has been interpreted as a subsistence activity closely related to specific domestic occupations both in the Uluzzian and the Protoaurignacian (d' Errico et al, 2012b;Peresani et al, 2016;Bertola et al, 2013). Despite this functional homogeneity, we note that the northern Protoaurignacian displays a preference for blanks from generic diaphyseal parts, contrary to the Uluzzian which is usually more selective and oriented to exploit specific anatomical portions.…”

Section: Bone Artefactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone tools, ornaments and other unusual objects during the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in Italy

Arrighi

Moroni

Tassoni

et al. 2020

Quaternary International

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The arrival of Modern Humans (MHs) in Europe between 50 ka and 36 ka coincides with significant changes in human behaviour, regarding the production of tools, the exploitation of resources and the systematic use of ornaments and colouring substances. The emergence of the socalled modern behaviours is usually associated with MHs, although in these last decades findings relating to symbolic thinking of pre-Sapiens groups have been claimed. In this paper we present a synthesis of the Italian evidence concerning bone manufacturing and the use of ornaments and pigments in the time span encompassing the demise of Neandertals and their replacement by MHs. Current data show that Mousterian bone tools are mostly obtained from bone fragments used "as is". Conversely an organized production of "fine shaped" bone tools is characteristic of the Uluzzian and the Protoaurignacian, when the complexity inherent in the manufacturing processes suggests that bone artefacts are not to be considered as expedient resources. Some traces of symbolic activities are associated to Neandertals in Northern Italy. Ornaments (mostly tusk shells) and pigments used for decorative purposes are well recorded during the Uluzzian. Their features and distribution witness to an intriguing cultural homogeneity within this technocomplex. The Protoaurignacian is characterized by a wider archaeological evidence, consisting of personal ornaments (mostly pierced gastropods), pigments and artistic items.

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Direct evidence that late Neanderthal occupation precedes a technological shift in southwestern Italy

Oxilia

Bortolini

Marciani

et al. 2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Objectives During the middle‐to‐upper Paleolithic transition (50,000 and 40,000 years ago), interaction between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens varied across Europe. In southern Italy, the association between Homo sapiens fossils and non‐Mousterian material culture, as well as the mode and tempo of Neanderthal demise, are still vividly debated. In this research, we focus on the study of two human teeth by using 3D geometric morphometric approaches for a reliable taxonomical attribution as well as obtaining new radiometric dates on the archeological sequence. Material and Methods This work presents two lower deciduous molars uncovered at Roccia San Sebastiano (Mondragone‐Caserta, Italy), stratigraphically associated with Mousterian (RSS1) and Uluzzian (RSS2) artifacts. To obtain a probabilistic attribution of the two RSS teeth to each reference taxa group composed of Neanderthals and Homo sapiens, we performed and compared the performance of three supervised learning algorithms (flexible discriminant analysis, multiadaptive regression splines, and random forest) on both crown and cervical outlines obtained by virtual morphometric methods. Results We show that RSS1, whose Mousterian context appears more recent than 44,800–44,230 cal BP, can be attributed to a Neanderthal, while RSS2, found in an Uluzzian context that we dated to 42,640–42,380 cal BP, is attributed to Homo sapiens. Discussion This site yields the most recent direct evidence for a Neanderthal presence in southern Italy and confirms a later shift to upper Paleolithic technology in southwestern Italy compared to the earliest Uluzzian evidence at Grotta del Cavallo (Puglia, Italy).

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The Uluzzian technology of Grotta di Fumane and its implication for reconstructing cultural dynamics in the Middle–Upper Palaeolithic transition of Western Eurasia

Cited by 70 publications

References 72 publications

Lithic techno-complexes in Italy from 50 to 39 thousand years BP: An overview of lithic technological changes across the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic boundary

Lithic techno-complexes in Italy from 50 to 39 thousand years BP: An overview of lithic technological changes across the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic boundary

Bone tools, ornaments and other unusual objects during the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in Italy

Direct evidence that late Neanderthal occupation precedes a technological shift in southwestern Italy

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