The Underlying Causes of Recurrent Pneumonia in Children: A Two-Center Study

Abstract

Background: Recurrent pneumonia is a challenge for pediatric pulmonologists. There are limited data on the underlying causes of recurrent pneumonia in children in the developing countries.
 Aim: To identify the underlying causes of recurrent pneumonia in children with undiagnosed etiology.
 Patients and Methods: The study was conducted in Pulmonology Units, Pediatric Departments Tanta and Ain-Shams Universities Hospitals from 2017 to 2019. Fifty-six cases children with a diagnosis of recurrent pneumonia were included to identify the etiologies. The underlying causes were confirmed in each case according to the clinical features and the diagnostic tests.
 Results: Uncontrolled bronchial asthma was the commonest cause of recurrent pneumonia (23.2%), followed by congenital heart diseases (12.5%) and aspiration syndromes (12.5%).
 Conclusion: Uncontrolled bronchial asthma was the most common underlying cause of recurrent pneumonia in children, so early diagnosis and proper controller therapy may decrease the risk of occurrence of recurrent pneumonia.

Recurrent events analysis with piece-wise exponential additive mixed models

“…In medical, clinical and biological research, such data play an important role, for example in the context of chronic illnesses and infectious diseases. Some concrete examples include recurrence of hospitalization for cardiovascular events [1,2], recurrent diseases and infections like COVID-19 [3], pneumonia [4,5], pneumococcus [6], staphylococcus aureus (cf. section Example 1: Staphylococcus aureus infection data) [7,8], asthma [9,10] and malaria (cf.…”

“…In medical, clinical and biological research, such data play an important role, for example, in the context of chronic illnesses and infectious diseases. Some concrete examples include recurrence of hospitalization for cardiovascular events (Gibson et al, 2017; Varma et al, 2021), recurrent diseases and infections like COVID-19 (Dos Santos et al, 2021), pneumonia (Ramjith et al, 2021; Barakat et al, 2021), pneumococcus (Hernstadt et al, 2020), staphylococcus aureus (cf. Section 5.1) (Akinboyo et al, 2018; Abdulgader et al, 2019), asthma (Chan et al, 2021; Feng et al, 2021) and malaria (cf.…”