The underlying processes governing seed size plasticity: impact of endoploidy on seed coat development and cell expansion in<i>Medicago truncatula</i>

Ochatt, Sergio; Abirached-Darmency, Mona

doi:10.1002/9781119409144.ch11

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…In this study, flow cytometry allowed the temporal, topological and cytological characterization of M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus stems and revealed mixed ploidy (mixoploidy) corresponding to 2C, 4C, 8C, 16C, and ~32C DNA content. Given that 16C and 32C DNA content was slightly lower than the exact values, it is possible that some DNA was lost during endocycles as had been suggested before for other cacti ( Palomino et al, 2016 ) and several other non-cactus species as well ( Ochatt, 2008 ; Ochatt and Abirached-Darmency, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Endoreduplication-related events are often found in several plant cell types, especially in those undergoing differentiation and expansion, though a range of cell volumes are reached according to the response to environmental factors ( Traas et al, 1998 ; Joubès and Chevalier, 2000 ). The onset of endoreduplication is a cytogenetic imprint of the transition from the embryogenic to the storage product accumulation phases during seed filling and within embryo development in species with small and large genome sizes ( Ochatt and Abirached-Darmency, 2020 ). Smaller genomes favor also several rounds of endocycles (endoreduplication), which produce cells with higher DNA content and a different specialization ( Bateman et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endocycle-driven endopolyploidization results in cells with mixed ploidy due to repeated endocycles, whereby an increase in genomic content occurs without concomitant cytokinesis. The implications of endoreduplication for physiology, growth, and development in plants have been comprehensively reviewed elsewhere ( Traas et al, 1998 ; Joubès and Chevalier, 2000 ; Lee et al, 2009 ; Breuer et al, 2010 ; Breuer et al, 2014 ; Edgar et al, 2014 ; Scholes and Paige, 2015 ; Ochatt and Abirached-Darmency, 2020 ). The biological function of endocycles is related to the formation of specialized cell types, such as trichomes and vascular elements; cells with higher metabolic activity such as embryo-associated cells; storage tissues, such as cotyledonary and aquifer parenchyma cells, which occur through different plant organs; and on auxin signaling and hence on morphogenetic competence ( De Rocher et al, 1990 ; Palomino et al, 1999 ; Lee et al, 2009 ; Breuer et al, 2010 ; Breuer et al, 2014 ; Bourge et al, 2018 ; Ochatt and Abirached-Darmency, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

et al. 2020

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Cacti have a highly specialized stem that enables survival during extended dry periods. Despite the ornamental value of cacti and the fact that stems represent the main source of explants in tissue culture, there are no studies on their morpho-anatomical and cytological characteristics in Melocactus . The present study seeks to address the occurrence of cells with mixed ploidy level in cacti tissues. Specifically, we aim to understand how Melocactus stem tissue is organized, how mixoploidy is distributed when present, and whether detected patterns of ploidy change after long periods of in vitro culture. To analyze tissue organization, Melocactus glaucescens and Melocactus paucispinus plants that had been germinated and cultivated in vitro were analyzed for stem structure using toluidine blue, Xylidine Ponceau, Periodic Acid Schiff, ruthenium red, and acid floroglucin. To investigate patterns of ploidy, apical, medial, and basal zones of the stem, as well as, periphery, cortex, and stele (vascular tissue and pith) regions of the stem and root apexes from four- and ten-year old cultured in vitro were analyzed by flow cytometry. X-ray micro-computed tomography (XRµCT) was performed with fragments of stems from both species. The scarcity of support elements ( i.e. , sclereids and fibers) indicates that epidermis, hypodermis, and wide-band tracheids present in cortical vascular bundles and stele, as well as water stored in aquifer parenchyma cells along the cortex, provide mechanical support to the stem. Parenchyma cells increase in volume with a four-fold increase in ploidy. M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus exhibit the same pattern of cell ploidy irrespective of topophysical region or age, but there is a marked difference in ploidy between the stem periphery (epidermis and hypodermis), cortex, stele, and roots. Mixoploidy in Melocactus is not related to the age of the culture, but is a developmental trait, whereby endocycles promote cell differentiation to accumulate valuable water.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

et al. 2020

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“…Endomitoses usually start prior to the storage accumulation and coincide with both the residual cell division phase and cell expansion phase onset [80]. The reports on their hormonal control in cotyledon cells appear scanted (see reference [81], Section 3.1.7.2.3, for a thorough review). Cytokinins are known to bolster the onset of endoreduplication in the somatic tissues [82,83].…”

Section: Endoreduplication and Cell Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from these loci, several loci are known to regulate the seed size in a similar manner, including DA2 and BIG BROTHER genes encoding ubiquitin ligases [78,231], and KLUH/CUP78A5 cytochrome P450 oxidase gene [232] in Arabidopsis. A wider list of similar genes for both monocots and dicots can be found in a recent review by Li and colleagues [233], with particular mechanisms observed in legumes further elucidated in a paper by Ochatt and Abirached-Darmency [81]; however, there are no data revealing the influence of most loci on the duration of seed development in respective species.…”

Section: Is There An Integrative Scheme Of Seed Development Timing Control?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Control of Seed Development in Dicots: Molecular Bases, Ecological Impact and Possible Evolutionary Ramifications

Malovichko

Shikov

Nizhnikov

et al. 2021

IJMS

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In flowering plants, seeds serve as organs of both propagation and dispersal. The developing seed passes through several consecutive stages, following a conserved general outline. The overall time needed for a seed to develop, however, may vary both within and between plant species, and these temporal developmental properties remain poorly understood. In the present paper, we summarize the existing data for seed development alterations in dicot plants. For genetic mutations, the reported cases were grouped in respect of the key processes distorted in the mutant specimens. Similar phenotypes arising from the environmental influence, either biotic or abiotic, were also considered. Based on these data, we suggest several general trends of timing alterations and how respective mechanisms might add to the ecological plasticity of the families considered. We also propose that the developmental timing alterations may be perceived as an evolutionary substrate for heterochronic events. Given the current lack of plausible models describing timing control in plant seeds, the presented suggestions might provide certain insights for future studies in this field.

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Domestication has altered the ABA and gibberellin profiles in developing pea seeds

Balarynová

Klčová

Tarkowská

et al. 2023

Planta

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Main conclusion We showed that wild pea seeds contained a more diverse combination of bioactive GAs and had higher ABA content than domesticated peas. Abstract Although the role of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) interplay has been extensively studied in Arabidopsis and cereals models, comparatively little is known about the effect of domestication on the level of phytohormones in legume seeds. In legumes, as in other crops, seed dormancy has been largely or entirely removed during domestication. In this study, we have measured the endogenous levels of ABA and GAs comparatively between wild and domesticated pea seeds during their development. We have shown that wild seeds contained more ABA than domesticated ones, which could be important for preparing the seeds for the period of dormancy. ABA was catabolised particularly by an 8´-hydroxylation pathway, and dihydrophaseic acid was the main catabolite in seed coats as well as embryos. Besides, the seed coats of wild and pigmented cultivated genotypes were characterised by a broader spectrum of bioactive GAs compared to non-pigmented domesticated seeds. GAs in both seed coat and embryo were synthesized mainly by a 13-hydroxylation pathway, with GA29 being the most abundant in the seed coat and GA20 in the embryos. Measuring seed water content and water loss indicated domesticated pea seeds´ desiccation was slower than that of wild pea seeds. Altogether, we showed that pea domestication led to a change in bioactive GA composition and a lower ABA content during seed development.

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The underlying processes governing seed size plasticity: impact of endoploidy on seed coat development and cell expansion inMedicago truncatula

Cited by 4 publications

References 179 publications

Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

Temporal Control of Seed Development in Dicots: Molecular Bases, Ecological Impact and Possible Evolutionary Ramifications

Domestication has altered the ABA and gibberellin profiles in developing pea seeds

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