The Unequal Weight of Discrimination

Mason, Katherine

doi:10.1525/sp.2012.59.3.411

Cited by 40 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our analysis controlled for two of the most likely confoudners, parental income and education. Secondly, adolescent BMI predicted educational attainment only among young women, a finding consistent with work showing women face much stronger social and economic penalties for higher body weight than do men (Caliendo and Gehrsitz, 2016;Mason, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Does more education cause lower BMI, or do lower-BMI individuals become more educated? Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979

Benson

Hippel

Lynch

2018

Social Science & Medicine

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More educated adults have lower average body mass index (BMI). This may be due to selection, if adolescents with lower BMI attain higher levels of education, or it may be due to causation, if higher educational attainment reduces BMI gain in adulthood. We test for selection and causation in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, which has followed a representative US cohort from age 14-22 in 1979 through age 47-55 in 2012. Using ordinal logistic regression, we test the selection hypothesis that overweight and obese adolescents were less likely to earn high school diplomas and bachelor's degrees. Then, controlling for selection with individual fixed effects, we estimate the causal effect of degree completion on BMI and obesity status. Among 18-year-old women, but not among men, being overweight or obese predicts lower odds of attaining higher levels of education. At age 47-48, higher education is associated with lower BMI, but 70-90% of the association is due to selection. Net of selection, a bachelor's degree predicts less than a 1 kg reduction in body weight, and a high school credential does not reduce BMI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Does more education cause lower BMI, or do lower-BMI individuals become more educated? Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979

Benson

Hippel

Lynch

2018

Social Science & Medicine

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“…Note: "Log wage" refers to the natural logarithm of the hourly wage. Source: Authors' calculations using NLSY data Our finding that smoking has a more immediate impact on wages for women than for comparable men is consistent with research by others showing that obesity has a more dramatic effect on women's wages than on comparable men's wages (Cawley 2013;Gilleskie et al 2017;Mason 2012).…”

Section: Figure 4: Contemporaneous Smoking Wage Penalty By Smoking Insupporting

confidence: 83%

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2020

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Cigarette smokers earn significantly less than nonsmokers, but the magnitude of the smoking wage gap and the pathways by which it originates are unclear. While most research focuses on contemporaneous reasons for the wage differential, the research described in this Policy Hub article finds that decisions made early in lifeabout education, labor force participation, and occupation-contribute significantly to the wage penalty smokers face later, especially for men. Women are found to be judged more harshly by their current employers for their smoking behavior, and since quitting smoking doesn't entirely erase the impact of early decisions, early intervention is imperative to avoid the negative wage impacts. Key findings: 1. Almost 90 percent of the smoking wage gap for men is determined by the impact of smoking on early in life decisions about education, work, and occupation, suggesting that programs designed to prevent youth smoking will be especially beneficial for men. 2. Almost two-thirds of the smoking wage gap for women is determined by their current smoking behavior, suggesting that quitting smoking will have significant labor market benefits.

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“…La marginalización por el peso excesivo se materializa en todas las esferas de la vida cotidiana (Sobal, 2008). En el ámbito laboral, en Estados Unidos, Mason (2012) concluye que hombres y mujeres obesas sufren una discriminación laboral significativa que se refleja en ingresos más bajos.…”

Section: Antecedentes Relevantesunclassified

“…La discriminación en el trabajo tiene su antecedente en la educación, por ejemplo, los padres de niñas con sobrepeso presentan menos disposición a pagar la universidad de sus hijas (Crandall, 1995, citado en O'Brien, Latner, Ebneter, & Hunter, 2013 o los consejeros escolares fomentan menos la postulación universitaria de estudiantes gordas (Crandall, 1995citado en Mason, 2012. En el ámbito personal afecta importantemente las posibilidades de emparejarse, donde las probabilidades de matrimonio son considerablemente más bajas (Aitsi-Selmi, Bell, Shipley, & Marmot, 2014;Kark, & Karnehed, 2012;Lupton, 2013;Mason, 2012). Esta discriminación también ha sido apreciada en el ámbito del cuidado médico (Sobal, 2011).…”

Section: Antecedentes Relevantesunclassified

Afectividad Y Subjetividad Femenina: Análisis De La Gordura Como Código Moral

Energici

2018

Límite (Arica)

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RESUMENEl objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar que en la regla sobre el grosor del cuerpo se establece una relación para el sí mismo, donde se articula una forma de subjetivación femenina que se basa principalmente en una prescripción afectiva. Para ello se presentan los resultados de un estudio que buscó describir y comprender el modo en que se construye socialmente la gordura. Se trabajó con un diseño cualitativo, se realizaron seis grupos de discusión mixtos de jóvenes y adultos de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. En los resultados se muestra que la gordura se construye como un problema de orden afectivo que representa una trasgresión de la norma de "Quien se quiere, cuida de sí". En este sentido, la gordura se explica afectivamente. La vergüenza es central para mostrar el carácter vinculante, y por tanto, subjetivante que tiene esta norma sobre el tamaño del cuerpo. Estas reglas se focalizan en las mujeres, para ella se prescriben ciertos matices. Uno de ellos es que deben amarse a sí mismas para constituirse como objeto de amor de otro. En las conclusiones se reflexiona sobre las implicancias que tiene este estudio para indagar en los procesos de subjetivación femenina desde una perspectiva foucaultiana. ABSTRACTThe objective of this work is to show that the rule that establishes that bodies should be thin, installs a rule for the self. A form of feminine subjectification is articulated in this rule, based on an affective prescription. To show this, we present the results of a study that sought to describe and understand the way in which fat is socially constructed. We worked with a qualitative design, with six mixed discussion groups of young people and adults from the city of Santiago de Chile. In the results it is shown that fatness is constructed as an affective problem that represents a transgression of the norm of "Who loves, takes care of itself". In this sense, fatness is explained affectively. Shame is central to show the binding nature, and therefore subjectifying, that this rule of body size has. These rules are focused on women, for which certain nuances are prescribed. One of them is that they must love themselves to be an object of love for another. The conclusions reflect on the implications of this study to investigate the processes of female subjectivation from a Foucauldian perspective.

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The Unequal Weight of Discrimination

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

Does more education cause lower BMI, or do lower-BMI individuals become more educated? Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979

Does more education cause lower BMI, or do lower-BMI individuals become more educated? Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979

Untitled

Afectividad Y Subjetividad Femenina: Análisis De La Gordura Como Código Moral

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