The Unfolding of Belonging, Exclusion and Exile: A Reflection on the History of Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Southeast Asia

Ansar, Anas

doi:10.1080/13602004.2020.1819126

Cited by 14 publications

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“…It has been argued that the British occupation before Myanmar's independence in 1948 is the precursor to the Rohingya crisis that is prevalent in Bangladesh and in some other parts of the world today. With the 'divide and rule' policy of the British colonial powers, the seeds of dissent were sown in Myanmar's fragmented ethnic diaspora of predominantly Buddhist Burmese populations (i.e., over 87%) (Ansar, 2020). After the independence of Burma, the military-backed government used their legislative authority to fully remove the citizenship rights of the Rohingya minority people in 1982.…”

Section: Rohingya Settlement In Bangladesh: Background and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflict Potential of the Rohingya People in Bangladesh and Beyond

Islam

Wara

2022

J. ASEAN Studies

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The article addresses how Myanmar's Rohingya conflict could generate a potential for conflict within the borders of Bangladesh and beyond. The conflict in Myanmar due to the Rohingyas being deprived of their national citizenship had led to the mass exodus in 2017 to Bangladeshi land and the subsequent conflict in the host place. It was referred to various situations, including disputes, killing, abduction, and tensions between the refuges and host people. Based on existing theories of ‘exporting conflict’ such as displacing conflict and spill over effect of ethnic conflict, the article attempted to show how the Rohingya conflict originated in Myanmar lead to serious conflicts taking place in Bangladesh. The theoretical basis proposed in the article had been supported with reliable secondary sources of information and published expert opinions on the contemporary situation of the temporary Rohingya settlements in Bangladesh with regards to their sheltering, refugee management, and progress towards their repatriation process to Myanmar. The article argued that Myanmar's civil conflict had spilled over into Bangladesh's borders due to a sequence of events starting from when Myanmar's civil conflict erupted from its National Citizenship Act. Findings suggest that the Myanmar conflict has been displaced to Bangladesh through many refugee settlements that puts Bangladesh's population in midst of a host of issues concerning livelihood, safety, and security. This has been done while touching upon Bangladesh's position as a host country to millions of Rohingya refugees and shouldering issues already stemming from the temporary shelter of Rohingya people within its borders.

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Section: Rohingya Settlement In Bangladesh: Background and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflict Potential of the Rohingya People in Bangladesh and Beyond

Islam

Wara

2022

J. ASEAN Studies

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“…Frequently termed ‘the world’s most persecuted minority’, the Rohingyas have been subjected to persistent human rights violations, including ethnic cleansing, statelessness and possibly even genocide (Khaled, 2021 ; Ansar, 2020 ; Ibrahim, 2018 ; Alam, 2018 ). By introducing punitive policies, Rohingyas have been categorically denied a range of fundamental rights by the Myanmar government, including the freedom of movement, rights to education, primary health facilities, having family, marriage and employment (Ansar & Khaled, 2021 ; Uddin, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In search of a Rohingya digital diaspora: virtual togetherness, collective identities and political mobilisation

Ansar

Khaled

2023

Humanit Soc Sci Commun

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Frequently called the most persecuted minority in the world, the Rohingyas have suffered systematic violence and oppression in Myanmar since the 1970s. Today, the vast majority of the nearly three million Rohingyas are in exile, escaping state-sponsored human rights violations and persecution in the Rakhine state of Myanmar—a place they call “home”. Neighbouring Bangladesh, which currently hosts over a million displaced Rohingya, has been a ‘sanctuary’ for at least the last four decades. A sizable community has also emerged successively in other South-East Asian countries and pockets of Australia, Europe and North America. In this context, bringing together issues at the crossroads of (im)mobilities, online connectivity and the quest for identity, this study examines the role of social media platforms in forming and shaping new types of diaspora activism among the exiled Rohingyas. Drawing on yearlong online ethnographic findings, it unpacks how digital platforms constitute a space for togetherness, where diasporic Rohingya identities are constructed, contested and mediated. Analysing recurring themes and patterns of engagement on these web-based platforms, the paper looks at how diasporic civic and political e-activisms are transforming the very contours of Rohingya identity formation and their pursuit of recognition. Finally, focusing on such a creative constellation of socio-cultural and political issues in virtual space, we demonstrate how Rohingyas practice a politics of resistance and recognition when confronting the policy pretensions of Myanmar’s government.

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“…They had voting rights and Parliamentary members were elected from the community. After General Ne Win’s military coup in 1962, the military junta started a series of military campaigns against people of Indian, Chinese and Pakistani origins that turned into a “nationwide immigration and residence check” (Ansar 2020 ). This xenophobic drive changed the direction of the politics that had accommodated ethnic groups in the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The treatment of ethnic minorities by the military junta had its historical legacy from the British colonial period, and can be seen as a nation-building failure: Instead of making meaningful concessions in the process of nation building, successive military governments imposed their visions (or versions) of the union: at times by force, and gradually appeasing the majority Buddhist population, in a process that [led] to brutality across the borderlands, particularly against the Rohingya. (Ansar 2020 ) The statelessness problem eventually spread over the borders and compelled the Rohingyas to undertake forced migrations. Several influxes of Rohingyas to Bangladesh from Myanmar can be traced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of making meaningful concessions in the process of nation building, successive military governments imposed their visions (or versions) of the union: at times by force, and gradually appeasing the majority Buddhist population, in a process that [led] to brutality across the borderlands, particularly against the Rohingya. (Ansar 2020 )…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statelessness, forced migration and the security dilemma along borders: an investigation of the foreign policy stance of Bangladesh on the Rohingya influx

Rahman

Sakib

2021

SN Soc Sci

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Statelessness not only triggers crises within the boundaries of a state, but these crises often spread along borders. The Rohingya refugee crisis, resulting from systematic state atrocities towards a stateless community, has resulted in a massive wave of forced migration to neighbouring Bangladesh. Subsequently, the large number of refugees is exerting enormous pressure on the economy of this developing nation. The crisis can be understood from the perspectives of both human concerns and Bangladesh’s traditional security concerns. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic is bringing additional challenges. This study investigates and examines the nature of the dilemma faced by the Bangladesh government in its foreign policy strategy over the Rohingya refugee crisis. It is argued that Bangladesh is facing dual challenges from the national and human security perspectives, and that the regional interests of major players, such as India, China, Russia and Japan, are determining the country’s policy stance. It is also argued that the plight of the Rohingya people through their statelessness has become less decisive in the major powers’ diplomatic calculations. The findings suggest that Bangladesh should accentuate its efforts to internationalise the issue and engage in a vigilant balancing between the major players for the repatriation of refugees, while, at the same time, exerting bilateral pressure on Myanmar.

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The Unfolding of Belonging, Exclusion and Exile: A Reflection on the History of Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Southeast Asia

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Conflict Potential of the Rohingya People in Bangladesh and Beyond

Conflict Potential of the Rohingya People in Bangladesh and Beyond

In search of a Rohingya digital diaspora: virtual togetherness, collective identities and political mobilisation

Statelessness, forced migration and the security dilemma along borders: an investigation of the foreign policy stance of Bangladesh on the Rohingya influx

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