The unique mode of action of a divergent member of the ABA-receptor protein family in ABA and stress signaling

Zhao, Yanping; Chan, Zhulong; Lü, Xing; Liu, Xiaodong; Hou, Yueh-Ju; Chinnusamy, Viswanathan; Wang, Pengcheng; Duan, Cheng‐Guo; Zhu, Jian‐Kang

doi:10.1038/cr.2013.149

Cited by 110 publications

(105 citation statements)

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“…In two recent studies, RCAR7 has been claimed to selectively inhibit PP2CA independent of ABA and not to bind ABA because of changes in conserved amino acid residues involved in ABA binding (41,42). We found no evidence for this claim.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…The ABA-insensitive germination of the rcar7rcar9 double mutant indicates the redundant function of both RCARs in this developmental process. Interestingly, the rcar7 line was unaffected in the stomatal response to ABA, whereas ectopic expression of RCAR7 enhanced ABA sensitivity of stomata and seed germination, as also observed by an independent study (42).…”

Section: Q386nsupporting

confidence: 56%

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Abscisic acid sensor RCAR7/PYL13, specific regulator of protein phosphatase coreceptors

Fuchs

Tischer

Wunschel

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) acts both as a developmental signal and as an integrator of environmental cues such as drought and cold. ABA perception recruits an ABA-binding regulatory component [regulatory component of ABA receptor (RCAR)/ PYR1/PYL] and an associated protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C). Phytohormone binding inactivates the phosphatase activity of the coreceptor, permitting phosphorelay of the ABA signal via downstream protein kinases. RCARs and PP2C coreceptors are represented by small protein families comprising 14 and 9 members in Arabidopsis, respectively. The specificity of the RCAR-PP2C interaction and the constraints contributing to specific combinations are poorly understood. In this contribution, we analyzed RCAR7/PYL13, which is characterized by three variant amino acid residues in the conserved ABA-binding pocket. RCAR7 regulated the phosphatase activity of the PP2Cs ABI1, ABI2, and PP2CA in vitro at nanomolar ABA levels; however, it was unable to regulate the structurally related hypersensitive to ABA 1 (HAB1). Site-directed mutagenesis of HAB1 established ABA-dependent regulation by RCAR7. Conversion of the noncanonical amino acid residues of RCAR7 into the consensus ABA-binding pocket did not perceptibly change receptor function. Ectopic expression of RCAR7 in Arabidopsis resulted in ABA hypersensitivity affecting gene regulation, seed germination, and stomatal closure. The RCAR7 loss-of-function mutant revealed no changes in ABA responses, similar to the RCAR9 knockout line, whereas the combined deficiency of RCAR7 and RCAR9 resulted in ABA-insensitive seed germination. The study shows a role of RCAR7 in early plant development, proves its ABA receptor function, and identifies structural constraints of RCAR7-PP2C interaction.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Q386nsupporting

confidence: 56%

Abscisic acid sensor RCAR7/PYL13, specific regulator of protein phosphatase coreceptors

Fuchs

Tischer

Wunschel

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Overaccumulation of ABA or constitutive activation of ABA signaling reduces WUE and thus growth (Sreenivasulu et al, 2012;Pizzio et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2013). For example, overexpression of NCED under the control of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit gene promoter, which is highly active in photosynthetic tissues, causes leaf yellowing, reduced chlorophyll content, and reduced growth rate (Gittins et al, 2000;Tung et al, 2008).…”

Section: Importance Of Aba Homeostasis In Improving Wue Under Long-tementioning

confidence: 99%

Abscisic Acid Flux Alterations Result in Differential Abscisic Acid Signaling Responses and Impact Assimilation Efficiency in Barley under Terminal Drought Stress

et al. 2014

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Abscisic acid (ABA) is a central player in plant responses to drought stress. How variable levels of ABA under short-term versus long-term drought stress impact assimilation and growth in crops is unclear. We addressed this through comparative analysis, using two elite breeding lines of barley (Hordeum vulgare) that show senescence or stay-green phenotype under terminal drought stress and by making use of transgenic barley lines that express Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (AtNCED6) coding sequence or an RNA interference (RNAi) sequence of ABA 89-hydroxylase under the control of a droughtinducible barley promoter. The high levels of ABA and its catabolites in the senescing breeding line under long-term stress were detrimental for assimilate productivity, whereas these levels were not perturbed in the stay-green type that performed better. In transgenic barley, drought-inducible AtNCED expression afforded temporal control in ABA levels such that the ABA levels rose sooner than in wild-type plants but also subsided, unlike as in the wild type , to near-basal levels upon prolonged stress treatment due to down-regulation of endogenous HvNCED genes. Suppressing of ABA catabolism with the RNA interference approach of ABA 89-hydroxylase caused ABA flux during the entire period of stress. These transgenic plants performed better than the wild type under stress to maintain a favorable instantaneous water use efficiency and better assimilation. Gene expression analysis, protein structural modeling, and protein-protein interaction analyses of the members of the PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE1/PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE1-LIKE/REGULATORY COMPONENT OF ABA RECEPTORS, TYPE 2C PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE Sucrose nonfermenting1-related protein kinase2, and ABA-INSENSITIVE5/ABA-responsive element binding factor family identified specific members that could potentially impact ABA metabolism and stress adaptation in barley.Drought compromises grain yield in cereals, especially when the stress occurs during postanthesis (Boyer and Westgate, 2004;Sreenivasulu et al., 2007).In some crops, selection for and use of stay-green types has been promoted as a means for combating drought stress susceptibility (Thomas and Howarth, 2000). However, the molecular basis of stay-green phenotype in barley (Hordeum vulgare) has not been explored in detail. As the flag leaf is the principal source organ, sustaining its photosynthetic activity under postanthesis drought stress is considered a strategy to mitigate the yield penalty. Water use efficiency (WUE) is the amount of biomass (carbon) accumulated per unit of water, hence an important trait under water-limited conditions (Condon and Richards, 1992;Rebetzke et al., 2002;Richards et al., 2002). Breeding for WUE is considered important for developing drought-tolerant crops (Blum, 1996;Richards, 1996;Richards et al., 2002). Genetic loci that control transpiration efficiency have been identified (Teulat et al., 2002;Hall et al., 2005;Juenger et al., 2005). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis tha...

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“…ABA-activated SnRK2s phosphorylate transcription factors, such as ABA-responsive element-binding factors (ABFs), and these phosphorylated ABFs regulate the expression of ABA-responsive genes (15). In Arabidopsis, 14 PYLs function diversely and redundantly in ABA and drought-stress signaling (16)(17)(18)(19). Understanding how each…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ABA receptor PYL9 promotes drought resistance and leaf senescence

Zhao

Chan

Gao

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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517

402

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Drought stress is an important environmental factor limiting plant productivity. In this study, we screened drought-resistant transgenic plants from 65 promoter-pyrabactin resistance 1-like (PYL) abscisic acid (ABA) receptor gene combinations and discovered that pRD29A::PYL9 transgenic lines showed dramatically increased drought resistance and drought-induced leaf senescence in both Arabidopsis and rice. Previous studies suggested that ABA promotes senescence by causing ethylene production. However, we found that ABA promotes leaf senescence in an ethylene-independent manner by activating sucrose nonfermenting 1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s), which subsequently phosphorylate ABA-responsive element-binding factors (ABFs) and Related to ABA-Insensitive 3/VP1 (RAV1) transcription factors. The phosphorylated ABFs and RAV1 up-regulate the expression of senescence-associated genes, partly by up-regulating the expression of Oresara 1. The pyl9 and ABA-insensitive 1-1 single mutants, pyl8-1pyl9 double mutant, and snrk2.2/3/6 triple mutant showed reduced ABA-induced leaf senescence relative to the WT, whereas pRD29A::PYL9 transgenic plants showed enhanced ABA-induced leaf senescence. We found that leaf senescence may benefit drought resistance by helping to generate an osmotic potential gradient, which is increased in pRD29A::PYL9 transgenic plants and causes water to preferentially flow to developing tissues. Our results uncover the molecular mechanism of ABA-induced leaf senescence and suggest an important role of PYL9 and leaf senescence in promoting resistance to extreme drought stress.drought stress | abscisic acid | PYL | dormancy | Arabidopsis C ell and organ senescence causes programmed cell death to regulate the growth and development of organisms. In plants, leaf senescence increases the transfer of nutrients to developing and storage tissues. Recently, studies on transgenic tobacco showed that delayed leaf senescence increases plant resistance to drought stress (1). However, the senescence and abscission of older leaves and subsequent transfer of nutrients are known to increase plant survival under abiotic stresses, including drought, low or high temperatures, and darkness (2, 3). Senescence mainly develops in an age-dependent manner and is also triggered by environmental stresses and phytohormones, such as abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid, but delayed by cytokinin (4).Senescence-associated genes (SAGs) are induced by leaf senescence. The expression of SAGs is tightly controlled by several senescence-promoting, plant-specific NAC (NAM, ATAF1, and CUC2) transcription factors, such as Oresara 1 (ORE1) (5), Oresara 1 sister 1 (ORS1) (6), and AtNAP (7). Environmental stimuli and phytohormones may regulate leaf senescence through NACs. Phytochrome-interacting factor 4 (PIF4) and PIF5 transcription factors promote dark-induced senescence by activating ORE1 expression (8). The expression of ORE1, AtNAP, and OsNAP (ortholog of AtNAP) is up-regulated by ABA by an unknown molecular m...

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The unique mode of action of a divergent member of the ABA-receptor protein family in ABA and stress signaling

Cited by 110 publications

References 50 publications

Abscisic acid sensor RCAR7/PYL13, specific regulator of protein phosphatase coreceptors

Abscisic acid sensor RCAR7/PYL13, specific regulator of protein phosphatase coreceptors

Abscisic Acid Flux Alterations Result in Differential Abscisic Acid Signaling Responses and Impact Assimilation Efficiency in Barley under Terminal Drought Stress

ABA receptor PYL9 promotes drought resistance and leaf senescence

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