The unique response of renin and aldosterone to dietary sodium intervention in sodium sensitivity

Shin, Sung Joon; Lim, Chi-Yeon; Oh, Sang Woo; Rhee, Moo-Yong

doi:10.1177/1470320314526437

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In SR individuals, aldosterone decreased in high-salt period compared with low-salt period. However, salt intervention did not significantly impact aldosterone concentration in SS participants [ 27 , 28 ]. In the present study, we found that the response of serum FGF23 to salt intervention was more pronounced in SR than in SS participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Salt Intervention on Serum Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) in Chinese Adults: An Intervention Study

Wang

Chu

et al. 2018

Med Sci Monit

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BackgroundFibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a prominent regulator of phosphate and calcium metabolism, regulates sodium excretion in distal tubules through sodium-chloride cotransporter. This effect regulates blood pressure. Salt intake exerts effects on serum levels of FGF23 in mice. The aim of this study was to explore whether salt intervention affects serum concentrations of FGF23 in Chinese adults.Material/MethodsWe enrolled 44 participants from Lantian, a rural community of Shaanxi, China. All participants were maintained on a three-day normal diet, which was sequentially followed by a seven-day low-Na+ diet and seven-day high-Na+ diet. Serum FGF23 concentrations were assessed by ELISA.ResultsSerum FGF23 concentrations elevated during low-salt diet compared with levels at baseline (66.20±44.21 pg/mL versus 86.77±53.74 pg/mL, p<0.05) and remarkably decreased when changed from low to high salt intake (86.77±53.74 pg/mL versus 49.26±42.67 pg/mL, p<0.001). Responses of FGF23 to salt intervention were more prominent in normotensive, older than 60 years, BMI <24 kg/m2 and salt-resistant individuals. Furthermore, a significant inverse correlation was observed between 24-hour urinary sodium and serum concentrations of FGF23 after adjusting age, sex, BMI and hypertension status.ConclusionsDietary salt intervention significantly affects serum FGF23 in Chinese adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Salt Intervention on Serum Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) in Chinese Adults: An Intervention Study

Wang

Chu

et al. 2018

Med Sci Monit

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“…19,20 As a result, renin release is physiologically inhibited by normal or elevated systemic blood pressure and a diet high in salt. [21][22][23] Persistent and excessive RAAS activation causes adverse ventricular remodeling and contributes to fluid retention with signs and symptoms of congestion. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] High PRA in ambulatory chronic HFREF HFREF patients with signs and symptoms of congestion.…”

Section: The Raasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma renin activity in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction on optimal medical therapy

Nijst

Verbrugge

Martens

et al. 2017

J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst

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Background:Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) is detrimental through promotion of ventricular remodeling and salt and water retention.Aims:The aims of this article are to describe RAAS activity in distinct HFREF populations and to assess its prognostic impact.Methods:Venous blood samples were prospectively obtained in 76 healthy volunteers, 72 patients hospitalized for acute decompensated HFREF, and 78 ambulatory chronic HFREF patients without clinical signs of congestion. Sequential measurements were performed in patients with acute decompensated HFREF.Results:Plasma renin activity (PRA) was significantly higher in ambulatory chronic HFREF (7.6 ng/ml/h (2.2; 18.1)) compared to patients with acute decompensated HFREF (1.5 ng/ml/h (0.8; 5.7)) or healthy volunteers (1.4 ng/ml/h (0.6; 2.3)) (all p < 0.05). PRA was significantly associated with arterial blood pressure and renin-angiotensin system blocker dose. A progressive rise in PRA (+4 ng/ml/h (0.4; 10.9); p < 0.001) was observed in acute decompensated HFREF patients after three consecutive days of decongestive treatment. Only in acute HFREF were PRA levels associated with increased cardiovascular mortality or HF readmissions (p = 0.035).Conclusion:PRA is significantly elevated in ambulatory chronic HFREF patients but is not associated with worse outcome. In contrast, in acute HFREF patients, PRA is associated with cardiovascular mortality or HF readmissions.

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“…It is also possible to manipulate mineral intake and observe physiological responses, which enables us to discuss the animals' mineral requirements. For example, animals reabsorb sodium from primitive urine in the kidneys when sodium is deficient (Shin et al, 2014). Therefore, even though it is empirically evident that ordinary monkey chow fed upon habitually by captive primates can supply the animals' mineral requirements, it is worth examining whether this is possible with or without reabsorbance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a physiological response, we examined the change in fecal aldosterone level. This hormone promotes sodium reabsorbance in the kidneys and is confirmed to increase during sodium deficiency in humans (Shin et al, 2014). Even though we are not aware of any studies that examine fecal aldosterone in the context of sodium reabsorption in nonhuman primates, studies on rats and whales quantified the aldosterone level using fecal samples (Burgess et al, 2017;Llaurado et al, 1962).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral acquisition of Japanese macaques: Contents in the foods, digestibility, and sodium‐provisioning experiment

Hanya

Ohta

Kurihara

et al. 2023

American J Primatol

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Minerals provide micronutrients that function in various ways in the body, and they are necessary for the survival of animals. In this study, we first compared the mineral content of foods of wild Japanese macaques in lowland Yakushima with that of monkey chow used for many years to feed captive macaques and specifically formulated to obtain good health in captive macaques (National Research Council [NRC] recommendations). Second, we clarified the mineral balance in captive individuals when feeding them monkey chow to clarify the digestibility/bioavailability of the minerals. Third, we investigated the physiological response when we experimentally increased sodium intake. In the lowland of Yakushima, which is in the vicinity (<800 m) of the coast, animals, fungi, and mature leaves had high sodium contents compared with NRC recommendations. The calcium contents of mature leaves and animals were higher than the NRC recommendations. The overall mineral intake in this population was lower than that in the captive animals for calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and iron, while similar for magnesium and higher in potassium. Patterns in the intake and excretion of minerals indicated that excretion was mostly from urine and not from feces, and apparent digestibility was high for sodium. This tendency was opposite for calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus and intermediate for potassium. A sodium‐provisioning experiment showed that fecal aldosterone concentration remained low in both control and sodium‐provisioning conditions so the macaques do not need reabsorb sodium in the kidneys. Therefore, sodium content in the monkey chow, which is slightly lower than the NRC recommendation, seemed high enough so that the macaques could avoid the need to reabsorb sodium in the kidneys. We advocate similar studies for other primate populations or species to better understand the role of mineral concentrations on food selection and to identify potential mineral deficiencies.

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The unique response of renin and aldosterone to dietary sodium intervention in sodium sensitivity

Abstract: This study demonstrated the different responses of renin and aldosterone in SS and SR subjects based on dietary sodium intake whether or not they had hypertension.

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Salt Intervention on Serum Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) in Chinese Adults: An Intervention Study

Effect of Salt Intervention on Serum Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) in Chinese Adults: An Intervention Study

Plasma renin activity in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction on optimal medical therapy

Mineral acquisition of Japanese macaques: Contents in the foods, digestibility, and sodium‐provisioning experiment

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