The unique structure of bacterial polysaccharides - Immunochemical studies on the O-antigen of Proteus penneri 4034-85 clinical strain classified into a new O83 Proteus serogroup

Structure characterization of novel heteropolysaccharides from Pteridium revolutum with antioxidant and antiglycated activities

“…The signal at δ C 101.70 ppm was were attributed to the (1 → 6)-linked d - Gal p residue, the corresponding anomeric proton signal appeared at δ H 5.02 ppm, which affirmed the (1 → 6)-linked d -Gal p was α - d -conformation ( Cui et al, 2007 , Pramanik et al, 2005 ) ( Table 3 ). Similarly, the signals at δ H /δ C 5.39/98.65 and 4.82/101.88 ppm belonged to H1/C1 of (1 → 3)- and (1 → 3,6)-linked α- d -Gal p residues, respectively ( Jing et al, 2014 , Li et al, 2021 , Siwińska et al, 2020 ). The signals of H1/C1 at δ H /δ C 5.86/111.19, 5.86/110.78, 5.57/98.50, 5.22/100.55, 5.18/101.18, 5.17/101.34, 5.04/101.53, 5.00/102.64, 4.90/102.20, 4.88/102.43, 4.52/103.12, and 4.40/102.83 confirmed the presence of T- α- l -Ara f -(1→ ( Zhang et al, 2021a ), →5)- α- l -Ara f -(1→ ( Makarova and Shakhmatov, 2020 , Chen et al, 2019 ), →3,6)- α- d -Man p -(1→ ( Chen et al, 2019 , Roslund et al, 2011 ), →2)- α- d -Man p -(1→ ( Smiderle et al, 2013 , Naumenko et al, 2020 ), →4)- α- d -Xyl p -(1→ ( He et al, 2013 ), →2)- α- d -Xyl p -(1→ ( Makarova & Shakhmatov, 2021 ), T- α- d -Man p -(1→ ( Roslund et al, 2011 , Liu et al, 2021a ), →3)- α-L - Rha p -(1→ ( Bellich et al, 2021 ), T- α- d -Xyl p -(1→ ( Makarova & Shakhmatov, 2021 ), →3)- α-D -Fuc p -(1→ ( Liu et al, 2021b , Szpakowska et al, 2020 ), →6)- β- d -Glc p - (1→ ( Liu et al, 2021b , Li et al, 2020 ), and T- β- d -Glc p -(1→ residues ( Li et al, 2020 , Wang and Guo, 2020 ), respectively.…”

Draft Genome of Proteus mirabilis Serogroup O18 Elaborating Phosphocholine-Decorated O Antigen

“…Due to the high structural diversity of P. mirabilis O antigens, infections by different serotypes may activate different host immune responses. To date, 83 serogroups within the genus Proteus have been identified (Siwińska et al, 2020). An interesting and unique modification of the P. mirabilis O antigen is its decoration with phosphocholine (ChoP), which occurs in strains belonging to the O18 serogroup (Fudala et al, 2003).…”

The prevailing O serogroups among the serologically differentiated clinical Proteus spp. strains in central Poland

“…The genus Proteus is currently divided into 83 O serogroups 8 and their number continually grows exceeding numbers of serogroups in many other Gram-negative bacteria like the genera: Shigella or Salmonella (each 46 O serogroups), Yersinia (~ 35 O serogroups), Citrobacter (43 O serogroups), Pseudomonas (~ 30 O serogroups), and others, except for Escherichia coli (~ 180 O serogroups) and Vibrio cholerae (~ 200 O serogroups) 41 , 42 . Despite the high serological diversity among Proteus bacilli, the results of the presented research confirm the persisting for many years predominance of some serogroups reported earlier 10 and reveal new prevalent O serotypes (especially O78).…”

“…The LPS core region in the genus Proteus is structurally and serologically diverse, which has led to the formation of the R (rough) typing Proteus scheme containing 11 R serotypes 6 . However, mainly the highly immunogenic O-polysaccharide region determines the serological specificity of LPS S (smooth) forms, which has become a basis for the classification of Proteus strains into 83 O serogroups 7 , 8 . The first O type scheme for P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris strains including 49 O serogroups was founded by Kauffmann 9 .…”