The Universal Features of Zonation Between Tide-Marks on Rocky Coasts

Abstract

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Zonação de comunidade bêntica do entremarés em molhes sob diferente hidrodinamismo na costa norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

“…A oscilação da maré e o grau exposição às ondas basicamente definem a estrutura da comunidade na zona entremarés (STEPHENSON & STEPHENSON 1949, LEWIS 1964, UNDERWOOD 1981. A maré proporciona períodos alternados de imersão/emersão, enquanto que o grau de exposição às ondas pode variar de acordo com a altura e o período das ondas tornando a duração e a freqüência de exposição fatores muito importantes.…”

“…A distribuição vertical da comunidade bêntica de costões rochosos na região entremarés é caracterizada pela distribuição de organismos ou associações de organismos em zonas dispostas horizontalmente (STEPHENSON & STEPHENSON 1949, LEWIS 1964. A variabilidade no eixo vertical do costão geralmente ocorre em uma escala de centímetros ou poucos metros.…”

Movements of Marine Fish and Decapod Crustaceans: Process, Theory and Application

“…The representation of classes with sharp edges, however, is not necessarily unrealistic since in tidally-dominated inshore areas, gradients in environmental conditions are often characterised by abrupt discontinuity in the distribution of benthic plants and animals. This well recognised pattern of intertidal 'zonation' (Stephenson and Stephenson, 1949;Lewis, 1964;Ranwell, 1972) is a consequence of the responses of benthic plants and animals to variation in the environment (e.g. water depth, immersion/emmersion times, grazing etc.).…”

INTERTIDAL ZONATION IN POPULATIONS OF MYA ARENARIA1

“…Interspecific zonation of marine organisms in the intertidal zone is a frequently observed phenomenon and has been described in the case of both rocky shorclincs (Stephenson and Stephenson 1949) and sandy beaches ( Stephen 1929). Intraspecific zonation, in which the members of a population appear to be distributed according to size between the tide lines, has also been reported, particularly with respect to bivalve populations.…”