The Unknown Southernmost Glaciers of Europe

Gachev, Emil

doi:10.5772/intechopen.68899

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Pure nomadism had its own time cycle. According to the population, the day is divided into certain time periods -seasons: dawn; about dawn, dawned; dawn; sunrise; the sun rose along the rope; noise; color, false color; willow, sun on the roof; color return, color air; sunset; sunrise on the hips; sunset, sunset; twilight; twilight, darkening of the eyebrows; night, nightfall; midnight; midnight air; the darkness of dawn (Gachev, 1994). Each time interval is about one and a half hours.…”

Section: Symbolic Concepts In the Context Of Man And The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kazakh superstitions between humans and nature as a system of compatibility in theology

Yerzhanov,

Marzhan,

Aliya

et al. 2023

pharosjot

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The unity of man and nature is associated in many philosophical currents with different levels of world unity. This is especially true of al-Farabi's concept of the world under the moon. Although ontological problems are posed at a high level in the concepts of space and time in modern philosophy and classical physics, they become functions of infinity, which are absolutely separate from man. Of course, there is a mutual creative activity and inseparable unity of man and the world, which should not come as a surprise after the concepts of "light world" and the twin of man and the world in Kazakh culture. Here we can talk about the correctness and falsity of the world around the ancient man of the East, about the "maya" of his world, but the path to man - the real Tao - becomes clear from the moon, and the external being - the landscape in motion. only. It is possible to say that cognition in these cultures is whole, specially reflected; it does not divide the world into parts, it does not study it in detail, it does not lose the "colors" of the world, it is not rationalized; where attempts to blindly conquer nature are irrational, and so on.

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Section: Symbolic Concepts In the Context Of Man And The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kazakh superstitions between humans and nature as a system of compatibility in theology

Yerzhanov,

Marzhan,

Aliya

et al. 2023

pharosjot

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“…The Snezhnika microglacier (Gruenewald et al, 2008), noted as the southernmost microglacier in Europe (Grunewald and Scheithauer, 2010b;Gachev, 2017a), is situated in the Golyam Kazan cirque. The location of Snezhnika is determined by the morphological features of the Golyam Kazan cirque, formed between the eastern slope of the Vihren peak and the southern slope of the Kutelo peak (2908 m) (Fig.…”

Section: Study Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also called a "glacieret" or microglacier due to observed moraines, indicating movements of the ice mass (Gachev, 2016). It is the modern remains of the Vihren glacier in the Pirin Mountains, and at present it varies in size between 0.02 and 0.07 km 2 (Gachev, 2017a). The first measurements of its size were made in the 1960s (Popov, 1964), and systematic…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria)

Georgieva

Tzankov²,

Kisyov³

2022

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. There are no large glaciers in the territory of Bulgaria, but small patches of snow and firn have been observed in the high mountains at the end of summer. Perennial snow patches and microglaciers are considered indicators of permafrost occurrence. The results from the first detailed geophysical investigations of the Snezhnika glacieret, considered to be the southernmost microglacier in Europe, situated in the Golyam Kazan cirque, Pirin Mountains, Bulgaria, are presented in the paper. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were used to estimate the thickness of the microglacier as well as its subsurface structure. Measurements started in 2018 and continued over the next 2 years in order to assess changes in its size and thickness. The mean thickness of Snezhnika is about 4–6 m, reaching 8 m or probably more in some areas. ERT measurements of the deeper parts of the microglacier beds show high electrical resistivities reaching over 60 000 Ωm at a depth of 4–10 m. An anomaly at this depth is likewise distinguishable on the GPR profiles. These anomalies are interpreted as permafrost areas and were consistently observed on the ERT and GPR profiles in the 2 years of the study. These results imply for the first time the existence of permafrost in the Pirin Mountains and in Bulgaria.

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“…Due to extreme temperature fluctuation, the weathering of rocks, which gives rise to rockslides, is more intense at high altitudes. On the other hand, development of screes in the past was favoured by the Periglacial climate (Ružička and Klimeš, 2005), as well as by the occurence of the Pleistocene glaciers which covered numerous mountain tops across the Balkan Peninsula (Cvijić, 1924), and exist even today in the central Dinarides (Gachev et al, 2016;Gachev, 2017). Generally, the glaciation events have played major role when it comes to the evolution of dinaric relief (Roglić, 1959) and local flora (Mucina et al, 1990;Stevanović et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation of alpine screes on Bjelašnica Mt. — syntaxonomy and ecology

2021

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We analised vegetation of calcareous screes in the alpine belt of Bjelašnica Mt. (Western Balkan) by the Central European phytosociological method. In total, 69 relevés were submitted to numerical analysis in R ver. 3.5.2. (UPGMA clustering with chord distance). The obtained cluster dendrogram showed differentiation in nine associations, of which Festuco xanthinae—Valerianetum montanae Trakić et al. ass. nov. and Drypido spinosae—Seslerietum wettsteinii Trakić et al. ass. nov. are new ones. In lower section of the alpine belt we described new subassociation Pseudofumarietum leiospermae helictochloetosum Trakić et al. subass. nov. which raises questions about ecological preferences of the alliance Corydalion ochroleucae. We also neotypified the association Drypidi—Heracleetum orsinii Redžić et al. ex Trakić et al. and made correction for Pseudofumarietum leiospermae Lakušić et Redžić 1991 nom. corr. The observed high diversification of the alpine screes on Bjelašnica Mt. is based upon its ecological heterogeneity and tranzitional position in the Dinarides.

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The Unknown Southernmost Glaciers of Europe

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Kazakh superstitions between humans and nature as a system of compatibility in theology

Kazakh superstitions between humans and nature as a system of compatibility in theology

Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria)

Vegetation of alpine screes on Bjelašnica Mt. — syntaxonomy and ecology

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