The unrecognized significance of papillomas, polyps, and adenomas of the gallbladder

Carcinoma of the gall‐bladder

“…How important other confounding factors, such as obesity, diet, smoking, presence of coexistent diabetes, pancreatic or other systemic illnesses are, is difficult to determine. These factors have been previously linked epidemiologically with a higher incidence of cholelithiasis, 28 , 30 –33 even if the relationship with gall‐bladder cancer is weak and not causal.…”

Ultrasound diagnosis of gallbladder papilloma in childhood

“…Their main complication, adenocarcinoma, is said to occur in 6-28% of the cases [3][4][5]. Their main complication, adenocarcinoma, is said to occur in 6-28% of the cases [3][4][5].…”

Adenocarcinoma of the Gallbladder (Classical Gallbladder Cancer)

“…Several investigations indicate that CGs derive from a foregut cell lineage and that at least a large part of CGs develop in the setting of a hyperplasia/metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma in situ-invasive carcinoma sequence, or a cascade leading from gallbladder adenoma with or without significant atypia to carcinoma (Sawyer 1970;Albores-Saavedra et al 1980;Kozuka et al 1982;Laitio 1983;Yamagiwa 1987;Yamamoto et al 1989a, b;Aldridge and Bismuth 1990;Kim et al 2001;Adsay 2007;Stancu et al 2007;Trivedi et al 2008;Feng et al 2011;Hughes and Bhathal 2013;Segovia Lohse and Cuenca Torres 2013;Kijima et al 2014).…”