The unsuitability of minoxidil for the treatment of moderate hypertension

Westwood, Barbara E.; Wilson, M. G. A.; Heath, William C.; Hammond, Jeremy; Mashford, Maurice L.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb113776.x

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In treating resistant hypertension, hydralazine is as effective as nifedipine or prazosin when added as a third drug, but its use usually requires concomitant therapy with a diuretic and β‐blocker 75 . Minoxidil, which is not commonly prescribed, often causes problematic volume retention that negates the antihypertensive effect unless a loop diuretic, sometimes at a very high dosage, is employed 76,77 . Volume retention can also lead to heart failure.…”

Section: Add Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…76 Minoxidil, which is not commonly prescribed, often causes problematic volume retention that negates the antihypertensive effect unless a loop diuretic, sometimes at a very high dosage, is employed. 77,78 Volume retention can also lead to heart failure. For these reasons, minoxidil should be avoided unless all other options have been exhausted and should not be prescribed by physicians inexperienced in its use.…”

Section: Add Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug Therapy for Resistant Hypertension: Simplifying the Approach

Mann

2010

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Despite the availability of many effective antihypertensive drugs, the drug therapy for resistant hypertension remains a prominent problem. Reviews offer only the general recommendations of increasing dosage and adding drugs, offering clinicians little guidance with respect to the specifics of selecting medications and dosages. A simplified decision tree for drug selection that would be effective in most cases is needed. This review proposes such an approach. The approach is mechanism‐based, targeting treatment at three hypertensive mechanisms: (1) sodium/volume, (2) the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS), and (3) the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). It assumes baseline treatment with a 2‐drug combination directed at sodium/volume and the RAS and recommends proceeding with one or both of just two treatment options: (1) strengthening the diuretic regimen, possibly with the addition of spironolactone, and/or (2) adding agents directed at the SNS, usually a β‐blocker or combination of an α‐ and a β‐blocker. The review calls for greater research and clinical attention directed to: (1) assessment of clinical clues that can help direct treatment toward either sodium/volume or the SNS, (2) increased recognition of the role of neurogenic (SNS‐mediated) hypertension in resistant hypertension, (3) increased recognition of the effective but underutilized combination of α‐ + β‐blockade, and (4) drug pharmacokinetics and dosing. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011;13:120–130. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Add Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Add Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Therapy for Resistant Hypertension: Simplifying the Approach

Mann

2010

J of Clinical Hypertension

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“…The pyrimidine pharmacophore occupies an important place in the field of drug development and discovery where a large array of pyrimidine-based compounds with broad-spectrum biological activities was discovered. These include anticancer (5-fluorouracil), 1 antiviral (idoxuridine and trifluoridine), 2 , 3 anti-HIV (zidovudine and stavudine), 4 , 5 antibacterial (trimethoprim, sulphamethazine, sulphadiazine and sulphadoxin), 6 , 7 antimalarial (sulphadoxin), 8 antihypertensive (minoxidil and prazosin), 9 sedative-hypnotic (barbiturates), 10 anticonvulsant (phenobarbitone), 11 antithyroid (propylthiouracil), 12 H1-antihistamine (thonzylamine), 13 and antibiotic drugs (toxoflavin and fervennuline). 14 Regarded as a privileged pharmacophore, the pyrimidine nucleus continues to be explored in the discovery of novel therapeutic agents for diverse clinical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular properties prediction, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of some pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one derivatives

Zeiz,

Kawtharani,

Elmasri

et al. 2023

Bioimpacts

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Introduction: The anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of a novel series of eleven pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one analogues substituted at position 7 were assessed in the current study. Methods: The physicochemical characteristics were studied using MolSoft software. The antiproliferative activity was investigated by MTT cell viability assay, and cell cycle analysis elucidated the antiproliferative mechanism of action. Western blot analysis examined the expression levels of key pro-apoptotic (Bax, p53) and pro-survival (Bcl-2) proteins. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring the production levels of nitric oxide in RAW264.7 cells, and the expression levels of COX-2 enzyme in LPS-activated THP-1 cells. In addition, the gene expression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3) was assessed by RT-qPCR. Results: Compound 1 bearing a chlorine substituent displayed the highest cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cells where IC50 values of 49.35 ± 2.685 and 69.32 ± 3.186 µM, respectively, were achieved. Compound 1 increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins p53 and Bax while reducing the expression of pro-survival protein Bcl-2. Cell cycle analysis revealed that compound 1 arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Anti-inflammatory assessments revealed that compound 1 displayed the strongest inhibitory activity on NO production with IC50 of 29.94 ± 2.24 µM, and down-regulated the expression of COX-2. Compound 1 also induced a statistically significant decrease in the gene expression of various cytokines and chemokines. Conclusion: These findings showed that the pyrimidine derivative 1 displayed potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties in vitro, and can be selected as a lead compound for further investigation.

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The unsuitability of minoxidil for the treatment of moderate hypertension

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Drug Therapy for Resistant Hypertension: Simplifying the Approach

Drug Therapy for Resistant Hypertension: Simplifying the Approach

Molecular properties prediction, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of some pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one derivatives

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