The urban lead (Pb) burden in humans, animals and the natural environment

One map: Using geospatial analysis to understand lead exposure across humans, animals, and the environment in an urban US city

“…Our findings demonstrate that human, canine, and house sparrow density all increased in regions of the city that had elevated SLLs and weighted lead exposure scores ( Table 2 , Fig. 4 ), highlighting the growing need for integrated lead exposure assessments and the potential for One Health intervention strategies [ 2 , 3 , 18 ].…”

“…Our data demonstrate that, like humans, wildlife and domestic animals are exposed to lead in urban environments and support the need for investigation into how environmental lead contamination can impact an entire ecosystem. Reframing environmental lead research to focus on the ecosystem can result in explorations into how interventions targeted more broadly at ecosystem health may be more cost-effective in the long term to reduce exposure to environmental lead across species lines [ 3 , 18 ].…”

“…Industrialization has increased the concentrations of lead and other heavy metals in the environment, especially in urban centers with older housing stock [ 1 ]. Urban lead poisoning is linked to many sources which overlap and provide opportunities for humans and non-human animals to act as sentinels for one another [ 2 , 3 ].…”

“…The purpose of this study was to develop a One Health lead exposure assessment map of an urban city to understand how and where environmental lead contamination may impact different species coexisting in a shared ecosystem. As lead continues to impact all species, there is a growing need for research that incorporates human, animal, and environmental health data to combat environmental lead contamination [ 2 , 3 , 18 ].…”

Effects of lead exposure on the activation of microglia in mice fed with high‐fat diets

“…Along with industrialization, dispersed large amounts of Pb into our living environment. Pb was widely found in drinking water, traditional medicines and atmospheric particulate matter, such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) 1,2 . Pb in the environment enters the body through the digestive and respiratory tracts, and then exerts toxic effects on the nervous, blood and digestive systems.…”