The ureidoglycollate hydrolase (DAL3) gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract

The DAL3 gene has been sequenced and found to encode a 195 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of 21,727. The four carboxy-terminal amino acids of DAL3 product (Cys-Ile-Ile-Ile) are homologous to those (CAAX) previously shown to be the primary structural signal for post-translational farnesylation of yeast RAS protein and mating factor. This modification is reported to be responsible for membrane localization of proteins containing it. The upstream region of DAL3 contains six copies of a sequence that is homologous to the positively acting DAL UASNTR reported to be required for transcriptional activation of the DAL5 and DAL7 genes. Missing from the DAL3 upstream region were any sequences related to those shown to be required for a DAL7 response to inducer, the UIS element. This correlates with the previous report that DAL3 expression is independent of the allantoin pathway inducer.

Upstream induction sequence, the cis-acting element required for response to the allantoin pathway inducer and enhancement of operation of the nitrogen-regulated upstream activation sequence in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…Similarly, related sequences have been reported upstream of all of the allantoin pathway genes known to be inducible ( Figure 5) (25,27,29). These sequences are, however, conspicuously absent from the upstream regions of allantoin pathway genes that do not respond to inducer (3,19,26). Together these observations support our earlier suggestion that the UIS element is the one which mediates induction of the allantoin pathway genes (25).…”

“…This global regulation is exerted through a common nitrogenregulated upstream activation sequence (UASNTR) (3,4,7,19,26,27). This element is necessary and sufficient for sensitivity to NCR (7) and has been observed in multiple copies upstream of every gene for which there is unambiguous evidence demonstrating sensitivity to NCR.…”

“…In addition to NCR, some of the allantoin pathway genes (DAL2, DAL4, DAL7, DURI,2, and DUR3) are inducible; their expression is markedly increased by the presence of the last pathway intermediate, allophanate, or its analog; oxalurate (OXLU) (5,6,8,27,28). For the others (DALI, DAL3, and DALS) expression in strain 11278b is independent of inducer (18,26,28).…”

“…All of the genes are NCR sensitive and found to have multiple UASNTR elements upstream of their coding sequences (3,4,7,19,(25)(26)(27). Only the UASNTR element has been found upstream of the allantoin pathway genes expressed in an inducer-independent manner (3,19,26).…”

Expression of the DAL80 gene, whose product is homologous to the GATA factors and is a negative regulator of multiple nitrogen catabolic genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is sensitive to nitrogen catabolite repression.

“…It is found upstream of all allantoin-degradative system genes characterized thus far regardless of whether their expression responds to inducer. The second element, the upstream induction sequence (UIS), is required for response to inducer (20,(49)(50)(51). The operation * Corresponding author.…”