The urinary excretion of vitamin A by the dog

Worden, Alastair N.; Bunyan, J.; Davies, A. W.; Waterhouse, Catheryne

doi:10.1042/bj0590527

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Unlike the LAB breed, there are no data available for the energy needs of the MS breed in the growth period. Comparing the data collected in the present study with published values of other small breeds, there seems to be a relatively good agreement with the values obtained for beagles ( 6 , 16 , 22 , 36 – 41 ) . The MS breed reached 98 % of the adult body weight at week 48, which appeared in the expected range of 95–100 % for this breed ( 14 , 22 ) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Energy intake, growth rate and body composition of young Labrador Retrievers and Miniature Schnauzers fed different dietary levels of vitamin A

Brenten¹,

Morris²,

Salt³

et al. 2014

Br J Nutr

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Research in rodents has shown that dietary vitamin A reduces body fat by enhancing fat mobilisation and energy utilisation; however, their effects in growing dogs remain unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the development of body weight and body composition and compared observed energy intake with predicted energy intake in forty-nine puppies from two breeds (twenty-four Labrador Retriever (LAB) and twenty-five Miniature Schnauzer (MS)). A total of four different diets with increasing vitamin A content between 5·24 and 104·80 mmol retinol (5000-100 000 IU vitamin A)/4184 kJ (1000 kcal) metabolisable energy were fed from the age of 8 weeks up to 52 (MS) and 78 weeks (LAB). The daily energy intake was recorded throughout the experimental period. The body condition score was evaluated weekly using a seven-category system, and food allowances were adjusted to maintain optimal body condition. Body composition was assessed at the age of 26 and 52 weeks for both breeds and at the age of 78 weeks for the LAB breed only using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The growth curves of the dogs followed a breed-specific pattern. However, data on energy intake showed considerable variability between the two breeds as well as when compared with predicted energy intake. In conclusion, the data show that energy intakes of puppies particularly during early growth are highly variable; however, the growth pattern and body composition of the LAB and MS breeds are not affected by the intake of vitamin A at levels up to 104·80 mmol retinol (100 000 IU vitamin A)/4184 kJ (1000 kcal).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Energy intake, growth rate and body composition of young Labrador Retrievers and Miniature Schnauzers fed different dietary levels of vitamin A

Brenten¹,

Morris²,

Salt³

et al. 2014

Br J Nutr

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“…Analysis of urine. Vitamin A was estimated as described by Worden, Bunyan, Davies & Waterhouse (1955) after extraction by the method of Lawrie, Moore & Rajagopal (1941). Thiamine was measured by the method of Jowett (1940), modified by Worden et al (1952).…”

Section: Vol 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

The diet of sledge dogs

Taylor

Worden²,

Waterhouse

1959

Br J Nutr

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The present activity in the Antarctic provided a stimulus for a study of the diet of sledge dogs. Observations made and results obtained in the Antarctic, together with cognate laboratory studies carried out in Britain, are here described. Experiments were made in Britain on dogs of various breeds, and in the Antarctic on huskies. The established sledging ration was found to be inadequate, so a product, pemmican, manufactured and supplied as blocks of I lb. to expeditions over the past 26 years was specially investigated. I n consequence, a new diet of a completely different composition has been devised; large quantities of it were shipped to the Antarctic for the first time in the autumn of 1956.Britain maintains several permanent bases in the Antarctic and the largest of them is at Hope Bay, 63' S., 57' W., where one of us (R. J. F. T.) spent the years of 1954 and 1955. At that time the complement at the base consisted of twelve men and about seventy-five dogs. The dogs, while at the base, received on alternate days 6-8 lb. of seal meat, most of which was muscle, fat and bone, but liver and heart were given occasionally. Most of the seal used as food was Lobodon carcinophagus and there is considerable evidence, backed by 12 years of practical experience, to show that such a diet of seal is almost, if not completely, adequate.On journeys, however, a concentrated, dehydrated ration must be provided, since on a loaded sledge about 50 yo of the weight may be food for the dog team. The ration has consisted, for the last quarter century, of dog pemmican, usually in the form of I lb. blocks. Dog pemmican was first used by H. G. Watkins in 1930 (Watkins, 1932), and it has been manufactured and supplied for every expedition since then. It may be, therefore, that there has been variation in composition over that period. All the work here recorded, however, deals with a single sample received in bulk from the manufacturers and, therefore, presumably of a reasonably constant composition.There have been complaints in the past that dog pemmican is inadequate as a sledging ration, but, until recently, there has been little factual evidence. It was known that the condition of the dogs deteriorated, with loss of weight and almost constant I Nutr. 13, IDownloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core.

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“…Creatine-by the Jaffe reaction following conversion to creatinine by acid. Vitamin A and Indican-as described by Worden et al (1955) and by Worden and Waterhouse ( 1959) In determining creatine, the sample is boiled with the picric acid to convert creatine, which does not form the typical coloured complex with picric acid, into its anhydride creatinine, which does give the Jaffe reaction. From the optical density, so obtained, is subtracted that recorded for creatinine, without conversion.…”

Section: Chloride-bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He included the cat in his alignment chart relating to urine output and urea, inulin, creatinine, diodrast and hippurate clearances. Worden et al (1955) could not detect vitamin A in a 24 hr sample of cat urine, although Lowe et al (1957) have subsequently shown that the cat kidney contains high concentrations of vitamins A and E. Dickinson and Scott (1956) followed up the observations of Morris ( 1953) to the effect that cats should receive a diet with a low ash content in order to prevent…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%