The Urinary Microbiome; Axis Crosstalk and Short-Chain Fatty Acid

Yang, Hee Jo; Kim, Doo Sang; Lee, Kwang Woo; Kim, Duk Yoon

doi:10.3390/diagnostics12123119

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…SCFAs play an important role in immune cell migration, cytokine production and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. There is also increasing evidence that SCFAs play an important role in the gut–bladder axis and the gut–vagina–bladder axis crosstalk and affect the relationship between UTI and the intestinal microbiome [ 105 ]. SCFAs are mainly produced by two major clusters of bacteria, by Bacteroidetes (mainly propionate and acetate) and butyrate by Firmicutes [ 105 , 106 ].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Microbiota and Host Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also increasing evidence that SCFAs play an important role in the gut–bladder axis and the gut–vagina–bladder axis crosstalk and affect the relationship between UTI and the intestinal microbiome [ 105 ]. SCFAs are mainly produced by two major clusters of bacteria, by Bacteroidetes (mainly propionate and acetate) and butyrate by Firmicutes [ 105 , 106 ]. Out of those, Firmicutes certainly play a major role in urinary microbiota, but Bacteroidetes are also a known constituent [ 6 ].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Microbiota and Host Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Viewpoint on Female Urogenital Microbiome—The Cause or the Consequence?

et al. 2023

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An increasing amount of evidence implies that native microbiota is a constituent part of a healthy urinary tract (UT), making it an ecosystem on its own. What is still not clear is whether the origin of the urinary microbial community is the indirect consequence of the more abundant gut microbiota or a more distinct separation exists between these two systems. Another area of uncertainty is the existence of a link between the shifts in UT microbial composition and both the onset and persistence of cystitis symptoms. Cystitis is one of the most common reasons for antimicrobial drugs prescriptions in primary and secondary care and an important contributor to the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Despite this fact, we still have trouble distinguishing whether the primary cause of the majority of cystitis cases is a single pathogen overgrowth or a systemic disorder affecting the entire urinary microbiota. There is an increasing trend in studies monitoring changes and dynamics of UT microbiota, but this field of research is still in its infancy. Using NGS and bioinformatics, it is possible to obtain microbiota taxonomic profiles directly from urine samples, which can provide a window into microbial diversity (or the lack of) underlying each patient’s cystitis symptoms. However, while microbiota refers to the living collection of microorganisms, an interchangeably used term microbiome referring to the genetic material of the microbiota is more often used in conjunction with sequencing data. It is this vast amount of sequences, which are truly “Big Data”, that allow us to create models that describe interactions between different species contributing to an UT ecosystem, when coupled with machine-learning techniques. Although in a simplified predator—prey form these multi-species interaction models have the potential to further validate or disprove current beliefs; whether it is the presence or the absence of particular key players in a UT microbial ecosystem, the exact cause or consequence of the otherwise unknown etiology in the majority of cystitis cases. These insights might prove to be vital in our ongoing struggle against pathogen resistance and offer us new and promising clinical markers.

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Section: Factors Affecting Microbiota and Host Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Affecting Microbiota and Host Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Viewpoint on Female Urogenital Microbiome—The Cause or the Consequence?

et al. 2023

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“…Growing evidence suggests that the interaction between the gut and bladder, known as the gut-bladder axis, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of UTI ( Yang et al, 2022 ). The gut-bladder axis implies that individuals with UTI often show an imbalance in the GM composition ( Vervoort et al, 2015 ; Paalanne et al, 2018 ), and alterations in the GM can enhance susceptibility to recurrent UTI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of N-acetylkynurenine in mediating the effect of gut microbiota on urinary tract infection: a Mendelian randomization study

He,

Han,

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThis study explored the causal connections between gut microbiota (GM), urinary tract infection (UTI), and potential metabolite mediators using Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsWe utilized summary statistics from the most comprehensive and extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) available to date, including 196 bacterial traits for GM, 1,091 blood metabolites, 309 metabolite ratios, alongside UTI data from ukb-b-8814 and ebi-a-GCST90013890. Bidirectional MR analyses were conducted to investigate the causal links between GM and UTI. Subsequently, two MR analyses were performed to identify the potential mediating metabolites, followed by a two-step MR analysis to quantify the mediation proportion.ResultsOur findings revealed that out of the total 15 bacterial traits, significant associations with UTI risk were observed across both datasets. Particularly, taxon g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 displayed a causal link with a diminished UTI risk in both datasets (ukb-b-8814: odds ratio [OR] = 0.9964, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9930–0.9997, P = 0.036; GCST90013890: OR = 0.8252, 95% CI = 0.7217–0.9436, P = 0.005). However, no substantial changes in g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 due to UTI were noted (ukb-b-8814: β = 0.51, P = 0.87; ebi-a-GCST90013890: β = −0.02, P = 0.77). Additionally, variations in 56 specific metabolites were induced by g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010, with N-acetylkynurenine (NAK) exhibiting a causal correlation with UTI. A negative association was found between g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 and NAK (OR: 0.8128, 95% CI: 0.6647–0.9941, P = 0.044), while NAK was positively associated with UTI risk (OR: 1.0009; 95% CI: 1.0002–1.0016; P = 0.0173). Mediation analysis revealed that the association between g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 and UTI was mediated by NAK with a mediation proportion of 5.07%.DiscussionThis MR study provides compelling evidence supporting the existence of causal relationships between specific GM taxa and UTI, along with potential mediating metabolites.

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The role of gut microbiota in prostate inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia and its therapeutic implications

Chen,

Lin

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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The Urinary Microbiome; Axis Crosstalk and Short-Chain Fatty Acid

Cited by 4 publications

References 83 publications

Current Viewpoint on Female Urogenital Microbiome—The Cause or the Consequence?

Current Viewpoint on Female Urogenital Microbiome—The Cause or the Consequence?

Role of N-acetylkynurenine in mediating the effect of gut microbiota on urinary tract infection: a Mendelian randomization study

The role of gut microbiota in prostate inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia and its therapeutic implications

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