The use and interpretation of anthropometric measures in cancer epidemiology: A perspective from the world cancer research fund international continuous update project

Bandera, Elisa V.; Fay, Stephanie H.; Giovannucci, Edward; Leitzmann, Michael F.; Marklew, Rachel; McTiernan, Anne; Mullee, Amy; Romieu, Isabelle; Thune, Inger; Uauy, Ricardo; Wiseman, Martin

doi:10.1002/ijc.30248

Cited by 51 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…However, care is needed when interpreting results based on BMI in epidemiologic studies and making public health recommendations for several reasons. 9 First, BMI is an indirect measure and does not differentiate between fat and lean body mass, nor does it specify the location of adiposity, ie, whether central, peripheral, or in the organ at risk. Second, the meaning of BMI with respect to body composition may vary by age, sex, and ethnicity.…”

Section: Defining Excess Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden

Sung¹,

Siegel

Torre

et al. 2018

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

404

292

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The prevalence of excess body weight and the associated cancer burden have been rising over the past several decades globally. Between 1975 and 2016, the prevalence of excess body weight in adults—defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2—increased from nearly 21% in men and 24% in women to approximately 40% in both sexes. Notably, the prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) quadrupled in men, from 3% to 12%, and more than doubled in women, from 7% to 16%. This change, combined with population growth, resulted in a more than 6‐fold increase in the number of obese adults, from 100 to 671 million. The largest absolute increase in obesity occurred among men and boys in high‐income Western countries and among women and girls in Central Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa. The simultaneous rise in excess body weight in almost all countries is thought to be driven largely by changes in the global food system, which promotes energy‐dense, nutrient‐poor foods, alongside reduced opportunities for physical activity. In 2012, excess body weight accounted for approximately 3.9% of all cancers (544,300 cases) with proportion varying from less than 1% in low‐income countries to 7% or 8% in some high‐income Western countries and in Middle Eastern and Northern African countries. The attributable burden by sex was higher for women (368,500 cases) than for men (175,800 cases). Given the pandemic proportion of excess body weight in high‐income countries and the increasing prevalence in low‐ and middle‐income countries, the global cancer burden attributable to this condition is likely to increase in the future. There is emerging consensus on opportunities for obesity control through the multisectoral coordinated implementation of core policy actions to promote an environment conducive to a healthy diet and active living. The rapid increase in both the prevalence of excess body weight and the associated cancer burden highlights the need for a rejuvenated focus on identifying, implementing, and evaluating interventions to prevent and control excess body weight.

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Section: Defining Excess Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden

Sung¹,

Siegel

Torre

et al. 2018

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

404

292

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recall or other biases in weight change and weight at early age are also possible. While BMI-a practical measure of total adiposity-is predictive of health outcomes on a population level, it does not reflect fat distribution or differentiates lean from fat mass that varies across women of different age and ethnicity [223].…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

World Cancer Research Fund International: Continuous Update Project—systematic literature review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies on physical activity, sedentary behavior, adiposity, and weight change and breast cancer risk

Chan

Abar

Cariolou

et al. 2019

Cancer Causes Control

Self Cite

162

122

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Purpose The purpose of the present study was to systematically review the complex associations between energy balancerelated factors and breast cancer risk, for which previous evidence has suggested different associations in the life course of women and by hormone receptor (HR) status of the tumor. Methods Relevant publications on adulthood physical activity, sedentary behavior, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio, and weight change and pre-and postmenopausal breast cancer risk were identified in PubMed up to 30 April 2017. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to summarize the relative risks across studies. Results One hundred and twenty-six observational cohort studies comprising over 22,900 premenopausal and 103,000 postmenopausal breast cancer cases were meta-analyzed. Higher physical activity was inversely associated with both pre-and postmenopausal breast cancers, whereas increased sitting time was positively associated with postmenopausal breast cancer. Although higher early adult BMI (ages 18-30 years) was inversely associated with pre-and postmenopausal breast cancers, adult weight gain and greater body adiposity increased breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women, and the increased risk was evident for HR+ but not HR− breast cancers, and among never but not current users of postmenopausal hormones. The evidence was less consistent in premenopausal women. There were no associations with adult weight gain, inverse associations with adult BMI (study baseline) and hip circumference, and non-significant associations with waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio that were reverted to positive associations on average in studies accounting for BMI. No significant associations were observed for HR-defined premenopausal breast cancers. Conclusion Better understanding on the impact of these factors on pre-and postmenopausal breast cancers and their subtypes along the life course is needed.

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“…Além disso, é menos confiável quando aplicado em idosos, por conta da redução da altura, perda de massa muscular e aumento de massa gorda, que ocorre com o envelhecimento, e particularmente em mulheres após a menopausa. Assim, o IMC mostra uma correlação positiva com estimativas de tecido adiposo em indivíduos mais jovens, e uma correlação negativa com o tecido muscular em indivíduos mais velhos 21 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avaliação do Risco Nutricional em Pacientes Onco-Hematológicos Hospitalizados

Rodrigues

Sales

Rodrigues

et al. 2019

Rev. Brasileira.De.Cancerologia

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Introdução: O diagnóstico precoce do risco nutricional pode melhorar o prognóstico dos pacientes onco-hematológicos. Objetivo: Descrever o estado nutricional nos pacientes onco-hematológicos e avaliar os fatores associados ao risco nutricional nos pacientes onco-hematológicos de um hospital universitário terciário de Fortaleza - Ceará. Método: Estudo transversal que incluiu 127 pacientes adultos internados. Os dados de diagnóstico clínico e demográficos foram coletados por meio da análise de prontuários. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência braquial (CB) e pela aplicação da ferramenta de triagem de risco nutricional - NRS-2002. Resultados: Pelos diferentes parâmetros, houve divergências no estado nutricional. A maioria da amostra apresentava risco nutricional de acordo com a avaliação da NRS-2002 (70,1%; n=89), seguida pela CB (33,9%; n=43) e pelo IMC (8,7%; n=11). Houve correlação positiva significativa entre IMC e idade [r=0,313, p<0,001] e CB [r=0,846, p<0,001] e associação significativa entre NRS-2002≥3 e IMC<18,5 kg/m² (p=0,023); NRS-2002 ≥3 e CB classificada como desnutrição (p=0,001); IMC<18,5kg/m² e CB classificada como desnutrição; e residir em zona urbana e apresentar CB adequado (p=0,023). Conclusão: Este estudo revelou alta prevalência de risco nutricional, bem como uma associação significativa entre risco nutricional e baixos valores de IMC e CB, e residir em zona rural. Assim, há a necessidade de utilizar uma combinação de indicadores, a fim de diagnosticar, de forma mais precisa e precoce, o estado nutricional desses pacientes.

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The use and interpretation of anthropometric measures in cancer epidemiology: A perspective from the world cancer research fund international continuous update project

Cited by 51 publications

References 66 publications

Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden

Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden

World Cancer Research Fund International: Continuous Update Project—systematic literature review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies on physical activity, sedentary behavior, adiposity, and weight change and breast cancer risk

Avaliação do Risco Nutricional em Pacientes Onco-Hematológicos Hospitalizados

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