The Use and Performance of Household Refrigerators: A Review

James, Christian; Onarinde, Bukola; James, S. Jill

doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12242

Cited by 116 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(129 reference statements)

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“…Although the lowest temperature was kept at 4 • C, the temperature in the refrigerator was sometimes higher than 7 • C during the experiment, as lots of refrigerators are in reality running at higher temperature than set [35]. In our experiment, the temperature fluctuation did happen (Figure 4) when the refrigerator was opened for taking out sample eggs and fluctuated with the cooling system running.…”

Section: Time-temperature Fluctuationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Quality Changes of N-3 PUFAs Enriched and Conventional Eggs under Different Home Storage Conditions with Wireless Sensor Network

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) enriched eggs are popular for their enrichment of PUFAs, but their freshness and quality are prone to decline with time, particularly if storage conditions are not well maintained. Home storage is the last but a neglected important tach in eggs supply chain, but few studies are available on the egg storage in the home stage. This study aimed to evaluate the internal quality change of both n-3 PUFAs enriched and conventional eggs by simulating eggs stored at consumers' home in refrigeration and under room temperature. The egg quality indices (Haugh unit, yolk index, weight, and albumen pH) were adopted and analyzed for both storage conditions. Wireless sensor network (WSN) was used for real-time monitoring of the temperature and humidity during storage. The results showed that temperature, humidity and time of storage all have an influence on the freshness of both n-3 PUFAs enriched and conventional eggs and there is no significant difference happened to n-3 PUFAs enriched eggs and conventional eggs. Refrigeration can decelerate the quality deterioration of both n-3 PUFAs enriched and conventional eggs and consumers should be educated about how to maintain the internal quality of eggs during home storage.

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Section: Time-temperature Fluctuationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Quality Changes of N-3 PUFAs Enriched and Conventional Eggs under Different Home Storage Conditions with Wireless Sensor Network

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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“…They concluded that many refrigerators were running at higher than recommended temperatures. Since 2008, there have been several papers published on temperatures in domestic refrigerators (James et al (2017), Roccato et al (2017), Hassan et al (2015), Evans et al (2014), Geppert (2011), Landfeld et al (2011) and WRAP (2009). These generally concur with the results from the James et al (2008) review.…”

Section: Cold Appliance Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and energy performance of domestic cold appliances in households in England

Biglia

Gemmell

Foster

et al. 2018

International Journal of Refrigeration

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Highlights Temperatures and energy consumed by 998 cold appliances in households are reported. Mean refrigerator temperature was 5.3°C; the mean freezer temperature was -20.3°C. Mean electricity consumption was 354 kWh per year. Differences between cold appliance types were determined from statistical analysis. AbstractThis paper reports the results of a large-scale survey in which 998 cold appliances were monitored in 766 properties in England. No surveys published to date analyse such a large dataset, which includes data on ambient temperature, cold appliance temperature (refrigerator and/or freezer) and electricity consumption of the cold appliance. Simultaneous measurements of the temperature inside and outside of the cold appliances and the electricity consumption were taken over a period of seven days during a ninemonth period in 2015. An interview was also conducted with the householders to collect further information about the cold appliances and their usage patterns. The cold appliances monitored in the work included fridge-freezers (52%), refrigerators with ice-box (6%), larder fridges (14%), chest freezers (9%) and upright freezers (19%). It was found that for all monitored cold appliances with valid data that: the mean ambient temperature was 18.5°C; the mean refrigerator temperature was 5.3°C; the mean freezer temperature was -20.3°C; and the mean electricity consumption was 354 kWh per year. Significant differences between the electricity consumption of different types of cold appliance were determined from statistical analysis.

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“…The frequency and for how long a door is opened are known, generally, to affect the cooling performance of refrigerators, especially for household refrigerators. Several authors have noted a heat gain caused by door openings and, consequently, an increase in a refrigerator's energy usage [29]. The door size here us not significantly related to the size of the warehouse (in contrast to the household refrigerator, where the door size represents a significant portion of the overall surface).…”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

Energy Implications of Lot Sizing Decisions in Refrigerated Warehouses

2020

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Cold supply chains (CSCs) are responsible for preserving the quality of perishable goods in storage and transport. They consume significant amounts of energy to maintain cooling temperatures constant over time continuously and ubiquitously, which is affected by the surrounding environment and the users’ behavior. The storage filling level is one specific feature of refrigerated warehouses observed in practice: they are more energy efficient when kept full of items, reducing the space that air occupies. Inventory management models that consider energy consumption have received increasing attention recently due to an increase in stakeholders’ awareness of sustainability. Despite this interest, there is no work that jointly considers the effects of the filling level and the temperature inside the warehouse. This study, therefore, integrates those aspects into the economic order quantity model and finds the optimal lot size quantity that minimizes the total system cost, which is the performance measure used herein. It provides numerical results and brings some insights into the behavior of the model proposed.

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The Use and Performance of Household Refrigerators: A Review

Cited by 116 publications

References 111 publications

Quality Changes of N-3 PUFAs Enriched and Conventional Eggs under Different Home Storage Conditions with Wireless Sensor Network

Quality Changes of N-3 PUFAs Enriched and Conventional Eggs under Different Home Storage Conditions with Wireless Sensor Network

Temperature and energy performance of domestic cold appliances in households in England

Energy Implications of Lot Sizing Decisions in Refrigerated Warehouses

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