2020
DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v11i6.29911
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The Use of ACE inhibitor/ARB in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Abstract: The three most common comorbidities that are associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients are Hypertension, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular disease, Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) are the drugs most commonly prescribed for the management of these diseases. Recent experimental study in animals and humans have found that SARS-CoV-2 uses ACE2 as the receptors for entry. Moreover, in an animal study, the use of ACE inhibitor/ARB increases the leve… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…On the other side, some evidences suggest that the ACE2 receptor is not necessary for SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cell and suggested that there is a cofactor that play part, human studies showed that there is no association between ACEI/ARB with SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and mortality. In conclusion, there is still insufficient data to stop the use of ACEI/ARB in COVID patients [ 12 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other side, some evidences suggest that the ACE2 receptor is not necessary for SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cell and suggested that there is a cofactor that play part, human studies showed that there is no association between ACEI/ARB with SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and mortality. In conclusion, there is still insufficient data to stop the use of ACEI/ARB in COVID patients [ 12 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ACE2 plays its protective function to the lung through Ang‐(1‐7)/MasR pathway and prevents activation of NF‐κB pathway/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase. 52 The 1α,25(OH)2D3, the biological active form of vitamin D, contributes its protective role and reduces lung injury by regulating RAS biosynthesis (renin, ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis and ACE2/Ang‐(1‐7) axis stimulation). 53 The VDR and calcitriol also prevent lung, liver and kidney fibrosis through the downregulation of RAS and the inhibition of NF‐κB and wnt/β‐catenin.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Receptormediated endocytosis is the most common means of virus entrance into host cells. Severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) -the responsible pathogen for Covid-19 -used the surface receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to infect cells, especially AT2 alveolar epithelial cells in lungs [38]. AP2-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) is one of the known regulators of endocytosis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%