The use of active materials for machining processes: A review

A review of chatter vibration research in turning

“…Smart materials are those that exhibit piezoelectric effects, magnetostrictive effects, as well as materials such as magnetorheological (MR) and electrorheological (ER) fluids, ionic fluids and shape memory alloys. Park et al [133] rigorously reviewed such active materials with a special focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials and their applications in active suppression of chatter for turning and other cutting processes. Choudhury et al [134] proposed an online tool vibration suppression system with a piezoelectric actuator mounted on the tool post.…”

A review on the preload technology of the rolling bearing for the spindle of machine tools

“…The actuators that use the characteristics of this material are shape memory alloy based actuators, which use the change in temperature, and piezoelectric actuators, which use the piezoelectric/reverse piezoelectric effects of piezoelectric materials. 41 In general, it has been recognized that the piezoelectric actuators represent a small operating region, a decrease in the repeatability due to its hysteresis, and a large aging effect. However, it is also evaluated that it shows more excellent performances in response speed, miniaturization, and energy efficiency than that of the existing electromagnetic motors.…”

Flexible Medical Devices: Review of Controllable Stiffness Solutions

“…The elastic behavior of MR and ER fluids is difficult to evaluate, and the literature gives the yielding stress for both fluids [67][68][69][70]72]. MR fluids give higher yield results than ER and can work at lower voltages [66].…”